1. Pendulums

2. Starter What is the equation that links time period, T, and frequency, f? T = 1 /f or f = 1 / T What affects the frequency of a simple pendulum? Mass, length, how much it swings? Just length! Why did grandfather clocks have pendulums? They kept constant time, independent of amplitude or mass What would happen to a pendulum on the moon?

3. Pendulums Identify the factors that affect the frequency of a pendulum Investigate the relationship between length and time period Rearrange the pendulum equation to analyse their motion

4. Main Using the worksheet to help you, set up the equipment safely and record your measurements in an appropriate manner. Collect the second sheet to guide you through the rest of this investigation. Warning – take care that the retort stand is set up safely and will not topple over.

5. ‘T 2 ‘ is proportional to ‘l’ because This means that the only two factors that affect the time period of a pendulum are the length and the strength of gravity. The mass and how far is swings back and forth do not affect it since they are not in the equation. T2T2 l

6. Pendulums Identify the factors that affect the frequency of a pendulum Investigate the relationship between length and time period Rearrange the pendulum equation to analyse their motion

7. Plenary - 1 As an astronaut who has just landed on another planet, how could you measure the strength of gravity using common items found on a space craft? g = l x 4π 2 / T 2

8. Plenary - 2 You own a fairground, and want to build a giant swing that is 10m high. To ensure it is safe enough for the thrill seekers you need to know the frequency. How would you calculate this and what would it be? 0.16 Hz