1. DO NOW: 9/11 1.How has September 11 impacted your life and your community? Do you think America is more or less vulnerable now? Explain. 1.How should future generations be educated about September 11? In your opinion, will Americans' perceptions of the attacks change as time passes? 1.How has September 11 impacted American culture? For example, how have movies and TV programs been affected? Do you think movies and TV programs should emphasize more patriotic themes? Explain. 1.How best can Americans commemorate September 11? Should September 11 be a national holiday? Why or why not?

2. 1347-1351 THE BLACK DEATH:

3. OBJECTIVE SWBAT understand the effects of the plague and the various outbreaks in the 14 th century. Do Now  Complete “Before Unit” column of the Anticipation Guide

4. Life in a Castle Life in Middle Ages: not easy, did not have comforts we have today Early castles built for defense not comfort Few windows, stuffy in summer, cold in winter, dark always Bedrooms In early castles, noble family bedrooms separated from main area by sheets Later castles had separate bedrooms; latrines near bedrooms Wooden bathtub outside in warm weather, inside near fireplace in winter Space Nobles had to share space with others, including soldiers, servants Private rooms very rare Main room the hall, large room for dining, entertaining Daily Life in the Middle Ages

5. THE BLACK DEATH Florence – 1398 Asia Symptoms in the East: Bloody nose Symptoms in West: Swelling Grew to the size of an egg – known as tumors Spread all over the body – black & purple No medicine & no cure – certain death

6. “Ring around the rosy a pocket full of posies ashes, ashes we all fall down.”

7. RING-A-RING O’ROSIES ring-a-ring o’rosies a pocket full of posies ”a- tishoo! a-tishoo!” we all fall down!

8. INFECTION OF THE DISEASE Fleas -primary carriers initially rats served as their hosts. Rats were as susceptible to the disease as humans - or any other animal. As rats died, fleas infected humans with the plague. Estimated to have killed 25-50% of Europe’s population Spread from Asia to Europe – Trade&War

9. HEALTH IN THE MIDDLE AGES Health problems increased as populations of towns and cities increased. Medical knowledge was limited. No adequate health care system. Antibiotics - not invented until the 1800s impossible to cure

10. BREAKDOWN OF FEUDAL SYSTEM The Black Death killed off many laborers survivors unwilling to return to serfdom. Left for larger cities for higher wages. Feudalism ends serfs were free to leave the lands of the lords to seek higher wages. land was worthless. Entire estates were abandoned - families fell to the plague or fled to escape its wrath.

11. MYTHS & SUPERSTITIONS People believed disease was spread by bad odors It was also assumed that diseases of the body resulted from sins of the soul. Many people sought relief from their ills through meditation, prayer, pilgrimages, and other nonmedical methods. The plague repeatedly struck from 1350-1800s.

12. IN YOUR NOTES: In your notebook divide a piece of paper in half. Make a heading for each column “USEFUL” and “NOT MUCH USE” Discuss the Lord Mayor’s rules with your partner. Agree which rules might help to control the plague and and which would NOT have been much use. Place the rule in the appropriate column. Under each rule explain the reason for your decision.

13. CLASSWORK Finish anticipation guide from the beginning of class. How many of your answers changed?