4. Screened Warning Pipe
A screened water pipe is a requirement under the water regulations.
The pipe should be one size larger that the supply pipe feeding the cold water storage tank.
The dip pipe is fitted on the inside of the tank.
The warning pipe warns if the water level in the tank is to high.

5. Cold Water Storage Tank
Cold water tanks are typically made from plastic.
To comply with current water regulations they should have a tight fitting lid.
Older tanks you may encounter could be made od asbestos reinforced concrete or galvanized steel.
The shape of the cold water tank can vary depending on the where it is intended to fit.
The out let pipe is connected to the CWST via a tank connector.

6. Float Operated
Float operated valves control the amount / level of water in the cold water storage tank or cistern.
The float rises and closes the valve stopping the flow of water.
Pictured below is the symbol for a float valve.
There are two main types of float operated valve the Portsmouth and the diaphragm valve.

7. The Portsmouth
These are an older pattern of valve; they most not be used in toilet cisterns, and should not be used in cold water storage tanks.
This is because the outlet is at the bottom of the valve and there is a possibility that contaminated water may make it back up into the water supply pipe.

8. Diaphragm Valve
These valves should be used in cold water storage tanks and cold water cisterns.
The out let is over the top of the valve body greatly reducing the chance of contamination.

9. Stop Tap / Service Valve
The stop tap and service valve isolates mains pressure water from the system or component allowing the plumber to work of the system without flooding the property.
All float operated valves must have a method of isolating them.

10. Stop Tap
The stop valve is capable of isolating water pressures between 0.5 – 10 bar.
The water flows into the valve and is stopped by the washer at the end of the valve stem.
The stop tap is usually a compression fitting but push fit versions are available.

11. Service Valve
The service valve as the name suggests allows the plumber to isolate an individual component or system part, enabling them to work on the part without turning off the water supply the rest of the property.
The service valve can be screwdriver operated or level operated.
Both types use a highly polished ball with a hole through it seated in a nylon seat as the ball is rotated it aligns the hole with the bore of the pipe allowing water to flow.

12. Gate Valve
Gate valves are used to control the flow of water from the outlet of cold water storage tanks.
Gate valves are used because they offer the least restriction to the flow of water.
Gate valves should not be used on mains pressure pipes as most are not rated for mains pressure.

13. Gate Valve As the valve stem is turned it raises and lowers the gate.
The water seal is achieved between the matting faces of the brass / bronze gate and the body of the valve; no gaskets or seals are used.

14. Hot Water Storage Cylinder

15. hot water out from the top of a cylinder
Direct Hot Water
Pipes should be lagged up to 1 meter from the cylinder or until they disappear into the floor or wall.
hot water out from the top of a cylinder
The cylinder needs to be insulated to make the cylinder energy efficient and reduce wastage
Cold water in at the bottom of a cylinder

16. Indirect Hot Water

17. Emersion Heater

18. Feed & Expansion Tank

19. Boiler