1. EA and IT Infrastructure - 1© Minder Chen, 1995-2011 Stages in IT Infrastructure Evolution Mainframe/Mini Computers Personal Computer Client/Sever Computing Web-based enterprise applications Cloud Computing/mobile device

2. EA and IT Infrastructure - 2© Minder Chen, 1995-2011 The network is the computer "Sun has always been very early, and often way too early with a lot of our ideas. For example, in the '80s we were preaching that the network is the computer. Shame on us for not summing it up in one word – cloud. To sound a little Al Gore-ish we invented open source, but we went a little too aggressive over the last four years.“ –Scott McNealy

3. EA and IT Infrastructure - 3© Minder Chen, 1995-2011 On the Cloud The cloud symbol is often used as a notation as a network in the a system architecture diagram.

4. EA and IT Infrastructure - 4© Minder Chen, 1995-2011 # of Data Centers in America? 7,000 Economist Survey on IT, 2008 Vertualization

5. EA and IT Infrastructure - 5© Minder Chen, 1995-2011 % of Utilized Server Capacity on Average? 6% IDC, 2008 Service Utilization

6. EA and IT Infrastructure - 6© Minder Chen, 1995-2011 Over Provisioning = Waste Demand Capacity Time Resources 6

7. EA and IT Infrastructure - 7© Minder Chen, 1995-2011

8. EA and IT Infrastructure - 8© Minder Chen, 1995-2011 Without Virtualization All require same power All emit same heat All require physical space Setup, (re-)configuration Maintenance, support…

9. EA and IT Infrastructure - 9© Minder Chen, 1995-2011 With Virtualization Flexibility Rapid provisioning Disaster Recovery High Availability Automation Systems Management integration Adaptive Datacenter

10. EA and IT Infrastructure - 10© Minder Chen, 1995-2011 Definition of Cloud Computing The NIST definition of cloud computing: Cloud computing is a model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction. The ability for end users to utilize parts of bulk resources and that these resources.

11. EA and IT Infrastructure - 11© Minder Chen, 1995-2011 Characteristics of Cloud Services NIST identifies several characteristics for a service to be considered “Cloud”: On-demand self-service: The ability for an end user to sign up and receive services without the long delays that have characterized traditional IT. Broad network access: Ability to access the service via standard platforms (desktop, laptop, mobile etc). Resource pooling: Resources are pooled across multiple customers. Rapid elasticity: Capability can scale to cope with demand peaks. Measured Service: Billing is metered and delivered as a utility service can be acquired quickly and easily. http://resources.idgenterprise.com/original/AST-0032300_Understanding_the_Cloud_Computing_Stack.pdf

12. EA and IT Infrastructure - 12© Minder Chen, 1995-2011 Deployment Models: Cloud Computing Private cloud, Community cloud, Public cloud, Hybrid cloud Source: http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/nistpubs/800-145/SP800-145.pdf

13. EA and IT Infrastructure - 13© Minder Chen, 1995-2011

14. EA and IT Infrastructure - 14© Minder Chen, 1995-2011 Platform Continuum Bring your own machines, connectivity, software, etc. Complete control Complete responsibility Static capabilities Upfront capital costs for the infrastructure Renting machines, connectivity, software Less control Fewer responsibilities Lower capital costs More flexible Pay for fixed capacity, even if idle Shared, multi-tenant infrastructure Virtualized & dynamic Scalable & available Abstracted from the infrastructure Higher-level services Pay as you go On-Premises Servers Hosted Servers Cloud Platform

15. EA and IT Infrastructure - 15© Minder Chen, 1995-2011 http://aws.amazon.com/ http://www.salesforce.com/ PaaS Software as a service (SaaS) Google AppEngine Amazon's EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud) Fulfilled by Amazon

16. EA and IT Infrastructure - 16© Minder Chen, 1995-2011 Fulfilled By Amazon Source: http://services.amazon.com/fulfillment-by-amazon/how-it-works.htm http://amazongenius.com/fulfillmentbyamazon/

17. EA and IT Infrastructure - 17© Minder Chen, 1995-2011 The End Backup Slides

18. EA and IT Infrastructure - 18© Minder Chen, 1995-2011

19. EA and IT Infrastructure - 19© Minder Chen, 1995-2011 How it works

20. EA and IT Infrastructure - 20© Minder Chen, 1995-2011

21. EA and IT Infrastructure - 21© Minder Chen, 1995-2011 Pricing http://www.apple.com/icloud/features/

22. EA and IT Infrastructure - 22© Minder Chen, 1995-2011

23. EA and IT Infrastructure - 23© Minder Chen, 1995-2011 What Happened? Amazon Web Services cloud problems affect Foursquare, HootSuite, Reddit http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/ technology/2011/04/amazon- web-services-server-problems- affect-foursquare-hootsuite- reddit.htmlhttp://latimesblogs.latimes.com/ technology/2011/04/amazon- web-services-server-problems- affect-foursquare-hootsuite- reddit.html

24. EA and IT Infrastructure - 24© Minder Chen, 1995-2011 Who Are on the Cloud? http://blog.laptopmag.com/wpress/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/sept_340_cloud_wars_sf.jpg

25. EA and IT Infrastructure - 25© Minder Chen, 1995-2011