1. Domain Modelling the upper levels of the eframework Yvonne Howard Hilary Dexter David Millard Learning Societies LabDistributed Learning, University of Southampton, UK University of Manchester, UK

2. Where we did we start? - FREMA The e-Framework REference Model for Assessment JISC funded Project between Southampton, Strathclyde and Hull 2004 - 2006 Aim to produce a Reference Model of the e- Learning Assessment Domain To aid interoperability and aid in the creation of Assessment Services for the e-Framework

3. FREMA Definitions What is a Reference Model? –A guide to help developers create web services that work with one another –But there is more than one type of guide A standard data format A best practice example of service design A methodology for creating or describing services A description of what is currently available What is a Reference Model for Assessment? –Assessment is a broad and complex domain –Many different assessment scenarios More than one data model More than one set of cooperating services –An active Community requires an evolving model

4. Concept Maps FREMA Ontology Semantic Wiki Pages Use Cases and Interaction Diagrams Stakeholders and Personas Domain Modelling Domain Context Stakeholders and Role Models Domain Information Model Scenarios (workflows and narratives) Domain System Model Goal and Function Model 1 2 3 4 5

5. Concept Mapping Focused on the key activities in the domain (the functions) Captured the domain knowledge of the experts –The goals in the domain –Important functions –Entities in the domain –Begins to structure the knowledge Built a shared understanding of the domain –Common vocabulary of domain areas Concept Maps 2

6. FREMA Concept Map (verbs) Concept Maps 2

7. A Knowledge Base Decided to deliver our domain model as a searchable, flexible, dynamic website Built on a knowledge base –Requires an ontology of resources in the domain with relationships between them –The ontology is the schema that describes what types of resources and relationships are allowed –(Ontology means the study of existence, and an ontology is a particular view of existence) The ontology is different from the concept maps –Concept maps shows areas of the domain –Ontology shows what type of thing can be in the domain FREMA Ontology 3

8. The FREMA Ontology FREMA Ontology 3 what who

9. Ontology Example Project: FREMA Organisation: JISC Organisation: University of Southampton Is funded byIs involved in JISC frema FREMA Southampton JISC Uni Soton frema Semantic Wiki Pages 4

10. Semantic Wiki –a wiki in which all the pages and links are typed Open editing, but with Administrator controls Users can edit –Resources –Relationships between resources –The ontology itself Enables full evolution of the Domain Information and System models Enables Smart Searching and Analysis –Semantic Search –Dynamic Gap Analysis Semantic Wiki Pages 4

11. Browsing the Wiki Semantic Wiki Pages 4

12. Dynamic Gap Analysis Semantic Wiki Pages 4

13. FREMA Scenarios Scenarios capture a certain activity (function) within the Domain Can be captured at different levels of formality From narrative descriptions Through to real interacting services Use Cases and Interaction Diagrams 5 formality Written Scenarios Use Cases Service Expressions Service Interactions Service Interfaces (WSDL) Service Workflows (BPEL) Service Implementations

14. Service Usage Model Describes a scenario in which services work together Use Case Diagram Set of Abstract Logical Service Expressions Interaction Diagram Use Cases and Interaction Diagrams 5 FREMA Written Scenarios Use Cases Service Expressions Service Interactions Service Interfaces (WSDL) Service Workflows (BPEL) Service Implementations

15. Scenario: Technical Developer Will, Technical Developer ‘I want to lookup use cases and scenarios to help me design my application. This will help me to define my footprint in the assessment domain. I see there are some web services I could re-use but some are missing. What standards can I use when writing my own web services to ensure that I can interoperate with the web services I’ve chosen?’

16. Where we’re going - eFUL Integrating the eframework models –Hilda What goes on Formally modelled views e.g. lifecycle stages Enables strategic domain analysis –and Frema like models What is there ‘lazy’ approach, easier to contribute –Together can answer this kind of question Show me all the Standards that are relevant to the Course Evaluation stage of the Course Lifecycle”. –International eframework low level, technical, formal descriptions of how services are defined and work together –Service Genre - a family of services. –Service Expressions – a specific abstract service. –Service Usage Models (SUMs) – an area of work, and a description of how Service Genres and Expressions might collaborate to do that work.

17. The three models working together The e-framework is made up of three layers that translate into these three models

18. eFUL Ontology

19. eFUL semantic wiki exemplar

20. What are the challenges to achieving the eFUL ? If we build it, will they come? –Boot-strap the eFul? FREMA content? SIG involvement? If we build it, how do we protect carefully constructed domain knowledge from thoughtless destruction ? –Editing Interfaces that help convergence? –Peer review? –SIG involvement?

23. Thank you… http://www.frema.ecs.soton.ac.uk/