1. Materials Science & Engineering Dept. Along with Environmental Health & Safety University of Tennessee

3. For Lab Safety Questions:  Pam Koontz  pjkoontz@utk.edu pjkoontz@utk.edu  James Cantu  jcantu@utk.edu jcantu@utk.edu For Hazardous Waste Questions:  April Case  acase3@utk.edu acase3@utk.edu Environmental Health & Safety ehs.utk.edu 974-5084 www.facebook.com/utkehs

4. Robin Lyn Trundy UTK/UTIA Safety Officer 974-1938 rtrundy@utk.edu UTK/UTIA Biosafety Office Amy Knowles UTIA Occupational Health Nurse 974-5728 aknowles@utk.edu

5.  Marsha Smith Radiation Safety Officer Phone: 974-5580 E-mail: mmsmith@utk.edummsmith@utk.edu UTK Radiation Safety Office

6. Dr. Kurt Sickafus, Chair Dr. Carl Lundin Dr. Roberto S. Benson Mr. Greg Jones

7. For Emergency Call 911 Call your Supervisor Call Safety Coordinator, Greg Jones If you can not reach your Supervisor or Greg contact the MSE main office (Carla) Call Environmental Health & Safety for help with spill cleanup, or to report unsafe conditions Help your Supervisor fill out a “Supervisors Report of Employee Accident form” ASAP!

8. UT Student Health Center 1800 Volunteer Blvd. UT Medical Center 1924 Alcoa Highway

9.  Safety depends on choices  Good choices rely on having good information before the choice has to be made.

10.  Training ◦ Initial ◦ Periodic ◦ As-needed  Resources ◦ MSDS/SDS, Labels, Chemical Hygiene Plan (CHP), Emergency Response Plan, Faculty Advisor, Person In Charge (PIC), Lab Placards  Ask Questions!

11.  What is the nature of my lab? ◦ My work space ◦ My neighbor’s work space  What hazards are present? ◦ Chemical/Physical/Bio/Rad ◦ Do you know how to react? ◦ Have you practiced? ◦ Have you shared your knowledge?  Is there an Emergency Plan, Chemical Hygiene Plan, SDS?

12. Plan, Share, Practice

13.  Make a plan  Write it down  Ensure everyone understands  Review and practice

14.  Identify local emergency numbers  Locate medical treatment centers and trauma centers  Procedures for dealing with an emergency ◦ Physical injury ◦ Chemical exposure ◦ Environmental Exposure  Evacuation and Meeting location

15.  Accidents  Spills / Splashes / Accidental Releases  Near Misses  Fire  UT Alert System (http://www.utk.edu/utalert/)http://www.utk.edu/utalert/

16.  Emergencies – 911  Chemical spill or release – EHS – 4-5084 (do not leave a voicemail message)  After hours spill or release – UTPD – 4-3111

17. Plan, Share, Practice

18.  Environmental Hazards ◦ Work area conditions ◦ Hot/cold, humid/dry, improper lighting  Chemically Produced Physical Hazards ◦ Explosives & Reactives  Equipment Hazards ◦ Mechanical, Electrical, Vacuum, High pressure, Cut and Abrasion Hazards, Hot and Cold equipment, Open flames, Noise/Sound

19.  Number one type of accident is still “Slips, Trips, and Falls” ◦ Maintain safe pathways and use good housekeeping ◦ Keep cables and cords in safe paths where they will not be damaged and they will not contribute to trip hazards.

20.  Highly Reactive compounds and incompatibles can cause very powerful energy release in the form of intense light, heat or pressure waves.

21.  Use only the scale of reaction required and approved to achieve your goals.  Use proper PPE and Engineering Controls to prevent exposure to a potential explosion  If the agent/reaction has the possibility of a violent reaction believe that it could happen to you.

22.  Mechanical  Electrical  Vacuum/High pressure  Cut and Abrasion Hazards  Hot and Cold equipment  Open flames  Noise/Sound

23.  Know and train on even the most basic equipment.  Equipment with moving parts can entrap extremities, clothing, and long hair. ◦ Use proper clothing and PPE and tie back long hair.  Ensure guards are in place and in good condition.  Never remove safety devices  Moving objects can throw objects  Use lockout tagout procedures when repairing

24.  Ways to avoid common lab electrical hazards are ensuring cables and cords are not damaged by the lab environment. ◦ Avoid heat/flame damage to insulation ◦ mechanical trauma such as the damage a cord may receive behind a heavy object such as a gas cylinder.

25.  Do not daisy chain extension cords or power strips.  Extension cords are designed for temporary use only.  If electrical work is needed in your lab a qualified electrical worker is required to do the work.  Use GFCI outlets when the risk of shock is higher such as at sinks and water sources. ◦ Note: Grounding and GFCI are not the same.

26.  Never bypass a grounding prong on an electrical plug.  If your outlets are not “holding” or “gripping” the plug, then notify facilities services as the outlet may be damaged and a fire hazard.  If work is required in your lab please ensure you are aware of what a lockout condition is and how it relates to you as a non- electrical worker.

27.  Chance of Implosion or Explosion  Particularly dangerous with Glassware  For pressurized equipment and glassware: ◦ Ensure a blast shield or hood sash is in place. ◦ If using a face shield eye protection must be worn as well

28.  Broken Glassware should be replaced.  Use proper technique and PPE when working.  Good housekeeping keeps Glassware from: ◦ Accumulating in the dirty bin ◦ Accidentally being knocked over  Don’t forget that when you need to move something large or cumbersome around the lab a pair of sturdy work gloves may be in order.

29.  Most lab surfaces that are heated look the same hot and cold: “Hot Glass Looks Like Cold Glass”  Remember to allow proper cooling times on heated elements before work or repair  Use caution with heating mantles and hotplates around combustible and flammable materials

30.  Use Cryo gloves and eye protection when working with Liquid Nitrogen or dry ice. ◦ Flash Freezing works well on samples ◦ It also can work well on you  Dispense and Transport Liquid Nitrogen only with approved methods.

31.  Never leave unattended.  Keep away from flammable and combustible materials including volatile flammable gases  Keep hair tied back and loose clothing away

32.  Hearing protection programs can be required under OSHA.  Thresholds are set for an 8-hour work day  EHS can survey a work area on request.

33. Hazard Classes Storage Use & Handling

34. ◦ Oxidizer ◦ Flammable ◦ Explosive ◦ Acutely Toxic ◦ Corrosive ◦ Compressed Gases ◦ Health Hazard ◦ Environmental Toxin ◦ Exclamation Mark

35.  Lab Door Placard  SDS  Chemical labels  Chemical Hygiene Plan  SOPs  Hazardous Communication (Right-To-Know)

36.  Oxidizers and flammables  Acids and bases  Flammables and corrosives  Corrosives and metals  Know what to do with strong reactions

37.  Segregate incompatibles by storing in different cabinets  Use secondary containment when space is at a premium

38.  Do ◦ Segregate by hazard class first ◦ Use proper containers ◦ Use secondary containment ◦ Check expiration dates ◦ Inspect shelving and shelf clips periodically  Don’t ◦ Stack chemicals or store too high ◦ Allow containers to hang over edge ◦ Use food containers ◦ Allow excessive bench top and fume hood storage ◦ Keep chemicals indefinitely or past expiration dates ◦ Store flammables in unapproved refrigerators

39. Some chemicals are unstable when stored past their expiration dates: Ethyl ether (diethyl ether) Sodium Azide Picric Acid

40.  Lab Specific SOPs  Chemical Hygiene Plan  Chemical Inventory

41.  Routes of exposure ◦ Contact ◦ Injection ◦ Inhalation ◦ Ingestion  Know the hazards  Use Proper PPE

42.  Fume Hoods  Shields  Storage Cabinets  Secondary Containment ex. Spill Trays

43.  Use a cart with secondary containment  Move limited quantities  Use caution going through doorways and public areas  Use freight elevator

44.  Best practice – order from manufacturer  Must be authorized to ship haz mat  Must give minimum of 72 hours notice

45.  Deface old labels when reusing containers  Label containers clearly (contents, your name, date)

46.  Do not eat or drink in the chemical laboratory.  Provide break area outside the lab

47. Clothing Eye Protection Hand Protection

48.  Long pants  Long sleeves  Closed-toe, non-absorbent shoes  Protect your clothing with a lab coat or apron

49.  The type of eye protection required depends on the work being performed.  Wearing the proper eye protection is required by the Laboratory Standard and Personal Protective Equipment Standards.

50.  It is the responsibility of the employer to determine the presence of hazards, select and purchase the appropriate safety devices, and train the employees.  The employer is not required to provide prescription safety eyewear.

52.  Immediately begin flushing the eyes with large amounts of tepid water for a minimum of fifteen minutes.  While the eyes are being flushed, medical help should be summoned

53.  It’s not measured by distance, but by time  10 seconds  For strong caustics/acids equipment should be immediately adjacent to the work area

54.  Never neutralize chemicals splashed in the eyes – always flush with water only  Never use an emergency eye wash bottle  You must never work alone in the laboratory  Activate every eyewash at least weekly to verify operation and clear liquid flow  Keep areas around eyewashes clear from clutter to provide quick and easy access in the event of an emergency

56. You can eat with false teeth, you can dance with a wooden leg, you can even hear with a hearing aid, but you can’t see with a glass eye.

59.  Choose the right gloves for the job  Disposable vs Reusable  Latex vs other glove materials  For non-chemical work

60.  Follow manufacturer’s recommendations  Not all gloves are the same  There is no one perfect glove for all chemicals  Gloves to protect you vs. gloves to protect your work  Be aware of what you touch with your gloves  Remove gloves before leaving lab  Never reuse disposable gloves  Contamination not always visible

61.  85 decibels sustained over 8 hr work day  EHS can monitor noise levels

62.  If you need to wear a respirator contact EHS at 4-5084

64.  Gases stored in steel pressure vessels above atmospheric pressure  A standard cylinder may hold about 300 cubit feet of the gas in excess of 2000psi

65.  What hazards can be present? ◦ They can be very heavy ◦ High Pressure ◦ Can Conduct Electricity ◦ Any chemical hazard  Flammable  Asphyxiant  Oxidizer  Toxic

66.  Properties & safe use before using  SOPs, CHP, SDS  Never accept unlabeled cylinders

67.  Always store with the valve closed and the cap secured.  Secure the upper third of a cylinder with straps or chains to a: ◦ Secure bench ◦ Wall mount ◦ Approved free standing Stand  Always Store upright

68.  Always bond and ground cylinders of flammable gases.  Oxidizer (e.g. Oxygen) cylinder storage must be separated from flammable gas storage areas or combustible materials by at least 20 feet or by a non-combustible wall.

69.  Slack chains or straps  Excessive storage  Protect from high temperatures  Do not store in escape paths or near fire exits

70.  Compressed gas cylinders must have hydrostatic testing done every 5-10 years, depending on the gas.  Do not keep cylinders around for longer than this time period because it prevents this testing.

71.  Never roll, drag or slide cylinders, even for short distances. Cylinders should always be moved by using a suitable hand truck with retaining straps or chains  Never drop cylinders or permit them to strike each other.

72.  Always use regulators and pressure relief devices when using cylinders.  Only regulators and plumbing approved for the specific gas should be used.  Never use an adapter to make a regulator “work”  Open the cylinder valve before adjusting pressure on regulator.

73.  Never permit oil, grease, or other readily combustible substances to come in contact with oxygen cylinders, valves or regulators.

74.  Never use oxygen as a substitute for compressed air.  Do not permit cylinders to come in contact with electrical apparatus or circuits.

75.  When returning empty cylinders, close the valve before shipment.  Leave some positive pressure in the cylinder.  Replace any protective caps originally shipped with the cylinder.  Mark the cylinder “EMPTY” and segregate from full cylinders.

77.  What a pressurized container can do when the right amount of heat is applied.

78.  Remember, a plan is only a plan if it’s on paper.  And a paper plan is only as good as the practice put into it.

79. What’s in it for you?

80.  What we look for? ◦ PPE use ◦ Chemical Storage ◦ Labeling ◦ Emergency Equipment ◦ Hazardous Waste ◦ Door Placards ◦ Infrastructure Problems

81.  Plan, Share, Practice  Be a good example

82. NO LESSON IS SO IMPORTANT AND NO TASK SO URGENT THAT WE CAN NOT TAKE TIME TO TEACH, LEARN, AND PRACTICE SCIENCE SAFELY The Laboratory Safety Institute www.labsafety.org

83. Thank you for your patience and attention, Please let me know if there is anything I can help you with to make MSE a safer place to be!