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30.11.2010Exposing the University of Economics‘ academic bibliography database as linked data Jitka Hladká, University of Economics, Prague Jindřich Mynarz,

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Presentation on theme: "30.11.2010Exposing the University of Economics‘ academic bibliography database as linked data Jitka Hladká, University of Economics, Prague Jindřich Mynarz,"— Presentation transcript:

1 30.11.2010Exposing the University of Economics‘ academic bibliography database as linked data Jitka Hladká, University of Economics, Prague Jindřich Mynarz, National Technical Library, Prague Vilém Sklenák, University of Economics, Prague

2 30.11.2010Exposing the University of Economics‘ academic bibliography database as linked data All about… converting bibliographic records to RDF-based data

3 30.11.2010Exposing the University of Economics‘ academic bibliography database as linked data Presentation Outline Academic bibliography database at the beginning Linked data Transformation process Linked data user interface Design issues Future challenges and possibilities

4 30.11.2010Exposing the University of Economics‘ academic bibliography database as linked data At the beginning… Academic bibliography database: Bibliographic information Project / research & development information added All provided in : MARC standard format for bibliographic description

5 30.11.2010Exposing the University of Economics‘ academic bibliography database as linked data

6 30.11.2010Exposing the University of Economics‘ academic bibliography database as linked data Academic bibliography database Publishing activities of the academic staff of the University of Economics, Prague journal articles, conference papers, lecture notes, monographs and monograph chapters Interesting resource of scientific research and development activities …but is it ready to the Web environment?

7 30.11.2010Exposing the University of Economics‘ academic bibliography database as linked data Linked data = „best practices for publishing and connecting structured data on the Web“ Using URIs to identify things HTTP protocol RDF is a graph-based data model for representing structure and linking data about things

8 30.11.2010Exposing the University of Economics‘ academic bibliography database as linked data Linked data benefits linking the pieces of data, information, knowledge on the Web from disparate resources Machine processable information ready to use by web applications Improved retrieval and discovery services

9 30.11.2010Exposing the University of Economics‘ academic bibliography database as linked data What about our bibliographic data? RDF is familiar to people outside the library community Integration of bibliographic information into the Web Sharing scientific and research outputs information and its visibility increase

10 30.11.2010Exposing the University of Economics‘ academic bibliography database as linked data Transformation process Data preparation Data modelling Interlinking …our experiences, comments and suggested problems' solutions to share

11 30.11.2010Exposing the University of Economics‘ academic bibliography database as linked data Problems of original data Bibliographic format - MARC „Library data“ made by „non-librarians“ No cataloguing standard used No established classification scheme used No controlled vocabulary used: names used in many variations, translations and abbreviations

12 30.11.2010Exposing the University of Economics‘ academic bibliography database as linked data

13 30.11.2010Exposing the University of Economics‘ academic bibliography database as linked data Publisher names synsets = all variant names of a single publisher in a group preferred form of the name selected according to the Publishers’ Directory maintained by the National Library of the Czech republic

14 30.11.2010Exposing the University of Economics‘ academic bibliography database as linked data Univerzita Karlova Charles University Karlova universita Universita Karlova v Praze Universita Karlova UK Univerzita Karlova v Praze Vysoká škola ekonomická University of Economics, Prague VŠE VŠE v Praze Univ. of Economics University of Economics University of economics Springer Springer Verlag Springer- Verlag Synsets

15 30.11.2010Exposing the University of Economics‘ academic bibliography database as linked data Information to transform All the information captured in MARC format ? not required and not necessary considering today‘s retrieval on the web we need to select the most essential and widely used information

16 30.11.2010Exposing the University of Economics‘ academic bibliography database as linked data Selection tools Tags' frequency analysis of MARC fields/subfields used  Final list of the most frequent fields and subfields = the most essential bibliographic data pieces that we would like to use in the further transformation

17 30.11.2010Exposing the University of Economics‘ academic bibliography database as linked data Data modelling Transformation into the RDF data model: 1.Entity types specification 2.Find the most appropriate rdf:type for the specified entities …in available RDF vocabularies and domain ontologies

18 30.11.2010Exposing the University of Economics‘ academic bibliography database as linked data Resource types Concept (skos:Concept) Document (bibo:Document) Organization (foaf:Organization) Person (foaf:Person) Project (arpfo:Project) Record (irw:InformationResource)

19 30.11.2010Exposing the University of Economics‘ academic bibliography database as linked data Example MARC fields‘ RDF representation FieldSubfield 100a 245a 040a 653a 773t SubjectPredicateObject bibo:document dc:creator foaf:Person bibo:document dc:title xsd:string irw:InformationResource dc:creator foaf:Organization bibo:document dc:subject skos:Concept, xsd:string bibo:document dcterms:isPartOf, bibo:DocumentPart, dc:title xsd:string

20 30.11.2010Exposing the University of Economics‘ academic bibliography database as linked data Selection criteria 1.popularity of vocabulary (ontology) Well established and the most popular vocabularies are preferred. 2.concept description match The description or meaning of the concept should match as closely as possible to MARC bibliographic data element meaning.

21 30.11.2010Exposing the University of Economics‘ academic bibliography database as linked data Looking for the best concept… Vocabularies and domain ontologies: representing bibliographic information common vocabularies providing domain agnostic terms widely used specialized on scientific research, academic environment and project's description We felt free to combine various vocabularies to find the most appropriate descriptions for our data.

22 30.11.2010Exposing the University of Economics‘ academic bibliography database as linked data Vocabularies and domain ontologies used Bibliographic Ontology (bibo) http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ Dublin Core (dc) http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/ http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/ Friend of a Friend (foaf) http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/ http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/ Identity of Resources on the Web (irw) http://ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/web/irw.owl http://ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/web/irw.owl Simple Knowledge Organization System (skos) http://www.w3.org/TR/skos-reference/skos.html http://www.w3.org/TR/skos-reference/skos.html …

23 30.11.2010Exposing the University of Economics‘ academic bibliography database as linked data …Not found? Vocabularies currently not available PlaceOfPublication problem – appropriate property dc:coverage, dc:spatial ?

24 30.11.2010Exposing the University of Economics‘ academic bibliography database as linked data Project information modelling bibliographic data are enriched by information about the projects related to the described documents ARPFO, Academic Research Project Funding Ontology – describing the project funding structure of academic research SWRC, Semantic Web for Research Communities – modelling entities of research communities.

25 30.11.2010Exposing the University of Economics‘ academic bibliography database as linked data FRBRization? Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) abstract data model = „ framework for relating the data in bibliographic records and defining the basic level of functionality for records created by national bibliographic agencies“ (1) (1) Expression of Core FRBR Concepts in RDF vocabulary describing basic concepts and relations http://vocab.org/frbr/core.html http://vocab.org/frbr/core.html

26 30.11.2010Exposing the University of Economics‘ academic bibliography database as linked data FRBRization? classical library catalogue: framework for relating the data in bibliographic records, collocation of multiple variations, versions, formats or editions of a single work to improve retrieval and displaying of bibliographic information Academic bibliography database  classical library data Multiple versions, formats or editions of works occurring only rarely, if so Work, expression, manifestation, item not very suitable for our data

27 30.11.2010Exposing the University of Economics‘ academic bibliography database as linked data Interlinking Deterministic – exact matches –Country codes, languages Non-deterministic – probabilistic matching –Authors, documents –With manual revisions

28 30.11.2010Exposing the University of Economics‘ academic bibliography database as linked data Interlinking MARC Codes Geonames VIAF DBLP KEG web

29 30.11.2010Exposing the University of Economics‘ academic bibliography database as linked data Linked data user interface {3. principle} “When someone looks up a URI, provide useful information, using the standards (RDF, SPARQL).” (2) (2) Various representations of a resource –HTML, RDF/XML, RDF/Turtle Various access mechanisms –SPARQL, search interface

30 30.11.2010Exposing the University of Economics‘ academic bibliography database as linked data

31 30.11.2010Exposing the University of Economics‘ academic bibliography database as linked data

32 30.11.2010Exposing the University of Economics‘ academic bibliography database as linked data

33 30.11.2010Exposing the University of Economics‘ academic bibliography database as linked data

34 30.11.2010Exposing the University of Economics‘ academic bibliography database as linked data

35 30.11.2010Exposing the University of Economics‘ academic bibliography database as linked data Design issues Individual page for each resource Content negotiation (HTTP 303 redirects) Providing labels (title, name) instead of URIs for resources. Performance of SPARQL queries (caching is needed) Specific templates for distinct RDF types

36 30.11.2010Exposing the University of Economics‘ academic bibliography database as linked data URI patterns URI pattern for each resource type –/id/{resource type}/{resource ID}.{format} e.g., /id/person/123, /def/concept/456.rdf Hierarchical pattern Neutral identifiers

37 30.11.2010Exposing the University of Economics‘ academic bibliography database as linked data Connecting with applications Data can be easily repurposed by other applications Added metadata –COinS (Context Objects in Spans) OpenURL resolvers (SFX) Citation managers (Zotero) –RDFa

38 30.11.2010Exposing the University of Economics‘ academic bibliography database as linked data Future challenges and possibilities Further interlinking Data cleaning Synchronization with the original dataset Better user interface (visualizations) …

39 30.11.2010Exposing the University of Economics‘ academic bibliography database as linked data References 1)IFLA. Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records – Final report 1998 [online]. Latest revision: 11 April 2010. Available from WWW: http://archive.ifla.org/VII/s13/frbr/frbr1.htm http://archive.ifla.org/VII/s13/frbr/frbr1.htm 2)BERNERS-LEE, Tim. Linked data [online]. W3C, Last change 2009/06/18. Available from WWW: http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData. html http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData. html

40 30.11.2010Exposing the University of Economics‘ academic bibliography database as linked data Thank you for your attention. …any questions?

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