1. Contemporary African Art: Contested terrain and a troubling aesthetics

2. The PotoPoto Aesthetics Established in 1951 By French Mathematician and amateur artist Pierre Lods

3. Mode Muntu, Figures carrying water in a fish background, gouache on paper, 1973

4. Mode Muntu, Slaved yoked together, gouache on paper, 1973

5. Mode, Figures, gouache on cardboard, n.d Jean-Bosco Kamba, Serpent and Birds, Gouache on wood, n.d.

6. Roadside Art and a new Internationalism

7. Unknown artist, Barber’s Sign—(Salon) shop display, enamel paints on wood

8. Open display of the portraits of Christ, and prominent Ghanaian politicians By God Art Works, kumasi Ghana, 1978

9. Cheri Samba, Why have I signed a contract?, acrylic on canvas, 1990

10. Cheri Samba, (Zairian) Battle Against the Mosquitoes, Acrylic on canvas, 1990

11. Tshibumba, Colonial Atrocities, Enamel on board. n.d

12. Kane Kwei, Mercedes-Benz shaped coffin, enamel paint on wood, 1989

13. Kane Kwei, (Ghanaian) Hen-shaped coffin, wood and enamel paint, 1989

14. Kane Kwei, Cocoa-pod shaped coffin, enamel paints on wood, 1970

15. Sunday Jack Akpan, installation—chief, soldiers, business man, Cement and enamel paints, 1993

16. Sunday Jack Akpan, Portrait of a man in uniform (Nigerian Police) Cement and acrylic paints 1989

17. Sunday Jack Akpan, Heads, Cement, enamel paints c.a. 1993

18. Emile Guebehi, The Adultery, installation, painted wood, 1992

19. An Ndebele woman painting the façade Of her home.

20. Francina Ndimande’s House, Mabhoko, South Africa, 1987

21. Catholic Church painted by Francina Ndimande, Mabhoko, South Africa, 1987

22. Francina Ndimande, Untitled, acrylic on canvas, 1992

23. Justus Akeredolu, installation--woman cooking, farmer, wood, n.d.

24. Contemporary Benin Queen Mother’s Bust presented by the Nigeria Government To President Jimmy Carter in 1997

25. Fake Roped Vessel on a stand After Igbo Ukwu, bronze, n.d.

26. Ballpoint pen carved in the 1980 Recycles traditional wood carving modes

27. Modernism Modernity African/ Africanity/Africaness Exotic Authenticity Commodity (commodification)