1. Lesson 25 Well Control, cont’d
PETE 411 Well Drilling
Lesson 25 Well Control, cont’d

2. Well Control, cont’d Shut-in Procedures after Taking a Kick
Kick Occurs While Drilling
Kick Occurs While Tripping
Casing Pressures During Well Control Operations
Kick on Bottom
Kick at surface
Kick Migration During Shut-in Conditions
Kicks on Trips/ Wellbore Fillup

3. Read: Applied Drilling Engineering, Ch.4
HW #14 Well Control – Driller’s due November 11, 2002

4. Controlling A Kick when On Bottom
Procedure:
1. Raise the kelly to clear the tool joint above the rotary
2. Shut down the pump
3. Check for well flow

5. Controlling A Kick when On Bottom
4. If well is flowing, immediately close the blowout preventer and shut in the well completely, (except on shallow gas kicks).
5. Notify supervisory personnel.
6. Read and record the stabilized shut-in drill-pipe pressure. (SIDPP)

6. Controlling A Kick When On Bottom
7. Read and record the stabilized shut-in casing pressure (SICP)
8. Read and record the pit gain (pit-level increase = kick size)
9. Record the time
10. Record depth
11. Record mud weight

7. Controlling A Well Kick While Making A Trip
1. Stop trip operations. Set slips with tool joint at rotary.
2. Install inside blowout preventer and release valve stem or close the valve if drill-stem valve is employed.

8. Controlling A Well Kick While Making A Trip
3. Immediately close the blowout preventer and shut in the well completely (except on shallow gas kicks).
4. Install kelly, open drill-pipe valve, or pump through back-pressure valve.

9. Controlling a Well Kick While Making A Trip
5. Notify supervisory personnel
6. Read and record the stabilized shut-in drill- pipe pressure or equivalent (SIDPP)
7. Read and record the stabilized shut-in casing pressure (SICP)

10. Controlling A Well Kick While Making A Trip
8. Read and record the pit gain (Kick Size)
9. Record the time
10. Record the current well depth
11. Record the current mud weight

11. Variable Geometry Kick On Bottom - Well Shut In 200 psi 400 psi 4,000’
9,500’
10,000’
hB = 445’
PB = 5,700 psi

12. Variable Geometry 1. Calculate new BHP:
2. Calculate height of kick (check geometry).
3. Calculate density of kill mud:

13. 4. Calculate the density of kick fluid:
Variable Geometry
4. Calculate the density of kick fluid:
How would you derive this equation?

14. Engineer’s Method - Gas Kick at surface
Gas Bubble
10.0 lb/gal
lb/gal ho D*
PB = const = * r kill * depth

15. 1. Calculate expansion of gas bubble
2. BHP = Press at top of kick + DP HYD,Annulus
3. Solve the resulting quadratic equation to get the pressure

16. BHP = PTOP + S (gi * hi )
gi = * ri )

17. Well is Shut In
Gas
Bubble
Will Rise !
Bubble Rise Velocity ?

18. 1,998 psi
50 bbl kick
1,266 psi
CASING PRESSURE, psi
20 bbl kick
989 psi
10 bbl kick
BARRELS OF KILL MUD PUMPED

19. Well Control Avoid kicks if possible Catch them early if they do occur
Know how to control kicks if they do occur

20. Avoiding Kicks While Tripping:
Keep the hole full.
Avoid excessive surge pressures.
Avoid excessive swab pressures

21. Tripping Out of Hole
A good drilling engineer will always stay on the rig floor during the first 20 stands of a trip.
1. Make sure pipe is not pulled too fast.
2. Make sure annulus is kept full.
e.g. fill every 5 stands, and measure volume required to fill hole.

22. Tripping Out Of Hole
If well is not taking enough fluid to replace volume of steel pulled from hole, fluid may have been swabbed into well.
Measure fluid volume to fill hole:
1. By counting pump strokes, or
2. By direct measurement from trip tank.
Note: The second method is best.

23. Annular Fill-Up On Trips
Example 1
How much fill-up is required after pulling 5 stands of 5” OD, 19.5 #/ft drillpipe with extrahole tool joints?
[ Each stand is 93 ft long ].

24. Annular Fill-Up On Trips
(i) Mud drains out through nozzles ………bbls
(steel only)
(ii) Nozzles are plugged ……… bbls
(steel + mud)

26. Example (i) Vol. of steel only: (nozzles not plugged)
From Table 1.6, actual weight in air is lb/ft.

27. Example

28. Example
Check: From Table 1.6,

29. Example (ii) Nozzles are plugged:
From Halliburton book, internal capacity of #/ft, 5” O.D. drillpipe is bbl/ft.

30. Example Volume of fill-up req’d = 3.48 + 8.26 = 11.74 bbls
How much did the fluid level drop?
How much did the BHP drop?

31. Recommendations
Fill hole after each 5 stands of drill pipe when coming out of hole.
Fill hole after each stand of drill collars when coming out of hole.
When GIH after an extended period of time, break circulation gradually, at several different depths...

32. Recommendations
Do not break circulation with bit and BHA just above the casing seat.
When breaking circulation,
Start the pumps slowly,
Rotate the drill string,
Pick up on the drillstring at the same time
This will reduce the initial pressure required to get the mud moving

33. MultiMedia Training Programs
To View these Programs on any Departmental Networked Computer:
1. Go to Network Neighbourhood
2. Select the computer marked “Juvkam-wold2”
3. The folder “Multimedia” contains TWELVE Multimedia Programs
Let me know if there are problems.