2. Pearson Education, Inc., Longman © 2006 Introduction GOVERNMENT, POLITICS, AND THE POLICYMAKING PROCESS American Government: Policy & Politics, Eighth Edition TANNAHILL

3. Pearson Education, Inc., Longman © 2006 In This Chapter We Will Cover: The importance of government Government and politics The public policy approach to studying government

4. Pearson Education, Inc., Longman © 2006 Government Affects Individual Americans in Many Ways Regulations –Speed limits –Minimum drinking age –Protection from unsafe products

5. Pearson Education, Inc., Longman © 2006 Government Affects Individual Americans in Many Ways Services –Public hospitals –Schools –Transportation –Student loans –Welfare

6. Pearson Education, Inc., Longman © 2006 Government Affects Individual Americans in Many Ways Taxes –Federal, state, and local taxes represent 30 percent of the nation’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) –Workers pay payroll and income taxes on wages –Consumers pay sales taxes and excise taxes

7. Pearson Education, Inc., Longman © 2006 Government and Politics Government: the institution with authority to set policy for society Politics: the process that determines who shall occupy the roles of leadership in government and how the power of government shall be exercised

8. Pearson Education, Inc., Longman © 2006 Public Policy, the Public Policy Approach, and the Policymaking Environment Public policy refers to the response, or lack of response, of government decision-makers to an issue. The public policy approach is a comprehensive method for studying the process by which public policy is created.

9. Pearson Education, Inc., Longman © 2006 Public Policy, the Public Policy Approach, and the Policymaking Environment The policymaking environment refers to factors outside government that impact the policymaking process.

10. Pearson Education, Inc., Longman © 2006 Stages of the Policy Process Agenda building –Problems become matters of public concern

11. Pearson Education, Inc., Longman © 2006 Stages of the Policy Process Policy Formulation –Alternative strategies for dealing with problems are developed

12. Pearson Education, Inc., Longman © 2006 Stages of the Policy Process Policy Adoption –The decision of a government body to accept a particular policy and put it into effect

13. Pearson Education, Inc., Longman © 2006 Stages of the Policy Process Policy Implementation –The stage in the policy process in which policies are carried out

14. Pearson Education, Inc., Longman © 2006 Stages of the Policy Process Policy evaluation –The assessment of policy, involving questions of equity, efficiency, effectiveness, and political feasibility

15. Pearson Education, Inc., Longman © 2006 Types of Policy Evaluations Normative analysis is based on certain values. Empirical analysis is a method relying upon experience and scientific observation.

16. Pearson Education, Inc., Longman © 2006 Concluding Review Questions How does government impact your life? What is the difference between politics and government? Why is the policymaking environment important? What are the stages of the policymaking process?