1. Female Reproductive System
Label the picture:
Ovary, Egg, Endometrium, Cervix, Uterus, Fallopian Tubes, Vagina
Fallopian tubes
Endometrium
Uterus
Ovary
Egg
Cervix
Vagina

3. Ovaries

5. Ovaries
Day 14th.
1. On what day of the menstrual cycle does ovulation occur?
2. What happens to the follicle during the first 14 days?
3. What happens to the follicle during the last 14 days?
The follicle develops and the cells surroundings the egg enlarge
The follicle turns yellow (Corpus Luteum) and desintegrate

7. 2. The Endometrium
The endometrium is a thick, soft lining of the uterus wall made up of tissue and blood.
The lining contained nutrients that would be needed to nourish a growing baby if pregnancy was to occur.
Thickness Of
Endometrium
1. What is the endometrium?
The endometrium is a thick, soft lining of the uterus wall made up of blood tissue and mucus
2. How does the endometrium (uterus lining) change over the menstrual cycle?
During the first 5 days the lining of the uterus breaks down. Blood tissue, mucus and the unfertilized egg are discharged through the vagina
After that, the lining of the uterus thickens until day 14th, in preparation for receiving a fertilized egg.
The endometrium stays thick until day 28th.
3. On what day(s) of the cycle the menstruation occur?
Days 1 through 5

8. They are released in the brain
6. Where are FSH & LH produced?
7. Where are Estrogen & Progesterone released?
8. Compare the hormones levels of LH, FSH, estrogen & progesterone.
What do FSH & LH have in common?
What do estrogen & progesterone have in common? How are they different?
They are released in the brain
They are released in the ovary
They show the same pattern, with a peak on day 14th
Their pattern looks like a hill. Estrogen highest level occurs just before day 14th progesterone highest level occurs after day 14th.

9. 1. On what day do FSH & LH reach the maximum concentrations?
2. What is happening with regard to the ovary at this point?
3. On what day does estrogen reach the maximum concentrations?
4. What is happening with regard to the endometrium at this point?
5. On what day does progesterone reach the maximum concentrations?
6. What is happening with regard to the endometrium at this point?
7. What roles do progesterone & estrogen play in the menstrual cycle?
8. What roles do FSH & LH play in the menstrual cycle?

10. Endometrium thickens and develops new tissue
1. On what day do FSH & LH reach the maximum concentrations?
2. What is happening with regard to the ovary at this point?
Just before day 14th.
Ovulation: The egg is released from the ovary to the fallopian tubes
 3. On what day does estrogen reach the maximum concentrations?
4. What is happening with regard to the endometrium at this point?
From day 10th to 13th.
Endometrium thickens and develops new tissue

11. The endometrium is prepared to received a fertilized egg
5. On what day does progesterone reach the maximum concentrations?
During the last 14 days
6. What is happening with regard to the endometrium at this point?
The endometrium is prepared to received a fertilized egg
7. What roles do progesterone & estrogen play in the menstrual cycle?
8. What roles do FSH & LH play in the menstrual cycle?
Progesterone & estrogen thicken and develop the endometrium
FSH & LH develop and mature the primary follicle, and they cause ovulation

12. Ovulation
Corpus Luteum Stage
Menstruation
Follicule Stage

13. Menstrual Cycle
Once puberty is reached, female begins a regular cycle of about 28 days.
An egg is release at about day 14 (ovulation)
Estrogen and progesterone prepare the lining of the uterus
Progesterone maintains the uterine lining throughout pregnancy.
If an egg is not fertilized, the levels of estrogen and progesterone decrease, and the lining of the uterus breaks down. (Menstruation)
A temporary suspension of the menstrual cycle normally occurs during pregnancy
The permanent cessation of the menstrual cycle is known as menopause
Slide 16.38
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

16. Phases of the menstrual cycle
FSH hormone level
LH hormone level
Estrogen hormone level
Progesterone hormone level
What happens in the ovary?
What happens in the uterus?