1. Special Study Presentation 2 Rathachai Chawuthai CSIM/SET/AIT

2. 22 nd Century Knowledge Preservation Challenges islandora 2

3. 22 nd Century 3

4. Hi Bob, do you have information about USA president “Barack Obama” Hi Bob, do you have information about USA president “Barack Obama” Oh! It is hard to find out. Because the information is older than 100 years. Oh! It is hard to find out. Because the information is older than 100 years. 4

5. What is a DVD? Hi Alice. Luckily, I found a DVD containing his information ? 5

6. No !!! That thing is unreadable ! Error: DVD unreadable Don’t be silly, Alice. It was popular in 100 years ago. It can be read by DVD reader. See it !! Don’t be silly, Alice. It was popular in 100 years ago. It can be read by DVD reader. See it !! 6

7. Hey, … How to open PDF file? ! Fortunately, I can get that file. Can you open “obama2009.pdf” Fortunately, I can get that file. Can you open “obama2009.pdf” Error: No program can open file format PDF 7

8. How I know the password? As I see, it need Adobe Reader 9.0 to open it. As I see, it need Adobe Reader 9.0 to open it. File is read protected Please key password 8

9. !7rò??àÕ ??ߟ²ÂÚ Õ??ߟ²ÂÚ ðŽɳ !Z?g! Õr / ÕŸ / ?rò? Why the author documented in alien language? Why the author documented in alien language? ? ? ! ! 9

10. Barack Obama 44 th president of USA Born 08/04 /1961 Confuse!!! When he was born? 4 th August or 8 th April ? Confuse!!! When he was born? 4 th August or 8 th April ?... 10

11. What should I do if I need to find more information relevance to Barack Obama’s family? What should I do if I need to find more information relevance to Barack Obama’s family? You may have to browse every file from here. Good luck … You may have to browse every file from here. Good luck … 11

12. It would be good if an older generation has a good plan for digital preservation It would be good if an older generation has a good plan for digital preservation 12

13. An active management of digital information to ensure its – Maintainability Bitstream is still be existing originally – Accessibility Bitstream forming a file is able to be opened – Renderability An opened file presents a digital object originally – Understandability A reader understand a digital object originally over the time 13 wikipedia.org

14. Terminology and Wish List for a Formal Theory of Preservation Giorgos Flouris FORTH or ICS CNR of ISTI fgeo@ics.forth.gr flouris@isti.cnr.it Meghan Banach CNR of ISTI meghini@isti.cnr.it Knowledge Preservation 14

15. 15 Barack Obama 44 th president of USA Born 04-Aug-1961 Producer Consumer Archive System Ingest Render The objective is that a reader (consumer) is able to perceive information context following his/her background knowledge and understand it originally.

16. 16 08/04 August 4 The producer need to represent “4 th of August” in a common language. Thus, she need to use contextual, knowledge, or commonsense information that she agree with her community in order to write a symbol representing “4 th of August”. She decides to use “08/04” because everyone in the same community understand this and can interpret to “4 th of August”. It means that she, and readers in the same community at that period understand the same meaning.

17. From simple Math function f(x) = y 17 Every people use Interpret function to understand meaning of language producer.interpret( “08/04” )  “4 th of August” reader01.interpret( “08/04” )  “4 th of August” reader02.interpret( “08/04” )  “4 th of August” In this case, everyone interprets language “08/04” to be “4 th of August” because inside the interpret process has formula. Formula comes from knowledge. If knowledge is agreed in community, formula is produced from community knowledge. It means that Producer and all reader have the same formula, so they understand the same thing together.

18. 18 08/04 April 8 producer.interpret( “08/04” )  “4 th of August” consumer.interpret( “08/04” )  “8 th of April” Why consumer understand incorrectly?

19. When the time change, designated community may be changed, and knowledge may be changed. Thus, “understanding” may be changed, too. The critical cause is a change of UCK. – Because difference UCK makes difference formula that makes difference understanding. Next challenge is “How to capture change of UCK” 19

20. Is it possible? 20 producer.interpret( “08/04” )  “4 th of August” consumer.interpret( “04/08” )  “4 th of Auguse”

21. 21 Consumer Producer Right now, Consumer get incorrect understanding from language that Producer need to present. UCK Formula UCK 08/04 Read Digital Object D

22. 22 Consumer Producer 08/04 The system should understand knowledge from Consumer’s side and generate mapping between Producer’s formula and Consumer’s formula using UCKES and UCKMS mechanism UCK Formula UCK UCKES UCKMS Digital Object D

23. 23 Consumer Producer 08/04 Then, the system transform the digital object D to be D’. D’ contains language that make Consumer understand same thing as Producer UCK Formula UCK UCKES UCKMS 04/08 Digital Object D Digital Object D’ Read

24. 24 Barack Obama 44 th president of USA Born 08/04 /1961 Barack Obama 44 th president of USA Born 04/08 /1961 Consumer understand D’ as same thing as Producer understand D. It means that D’ has preservability relation with D. D D D’ D’ D

25. Challenges 25

26. Need of teaching material preservation Need of document process (versioning) Need of connection with external datasource Need of including usage statistic 26

27. attach metadata to objects when you want to preserve them, rather than hard specifics that would be more typical in interchange format, because Preservation metadata today is seldom shared across organizations 27

28. Repository as a Platform for Peer-Reviewed Journals Make repository as open access publisher The repository should produce, showcase, and share an institution's exciting and original research Provide to create a research community to expand the boundaries of knowledge 28

29. To realize to implement Digital Archive in Institutional Repository To Make Agreements and secure permissions for preserving IR contents To have guidance of digital format preservation to content contributors 29

30. Need of knowledge preservation 30

31. In organizations, workflow processes continuously create documents and records. Starting from creation and ingestion, we should integrate the workflow process with the preservation process: appraisal, verification, maintenance, and, eventually, retirement. 31

32. The users are more eager to depend results of their search process on the automated solutions, such as recommendations, and on their trust in the information provided by their friends. Therefore, the meaning of semantics in the digital libraries should heavily include the social semantics. Future research on semantic features should concentrate more on improving accuracy of automated recommendations services and usability of existing solutions 32

33. Approach METADATA model that supports – Variety types of digital object Many mime/type (including teaching material) Digitized and born-digital object – Data preservation Preservation activities, Right and agreement, Requirement to access and render a digital object, – Document process and versioning Create, review, … – Relationship between digital object Linked data – Semantic search RDF, SPARQL Sharing metadata – Knowledge preservation Ontology, Linked data 33

34. islandora 34

35. Institution – University of Prince Edward Island's Robertson Library Description – Islandora is an open source project underway at the Robertson Library at the University of Prince Edward Island. Islandora combines the Drupal and Fedora software applications to create a robust digital asset management system that can be used for any requirement where collaboration and digital data stewardship, for the short and long term, are critical. Tools – Fedora Repository + GSearch, Drupal, and Solr Link – http://islandora.ca http://islandora.ca Overview example from fedora-commons.org 35

36. 36 islandora.ca

37. 37 A collection of digital object that collects many PDF documents.

38. 38 Hierarchy of collection (From administration page)

39. 39 The collections are represent in fedora object hierarchy islandora:demos islandora:pdf_collectionislandora:demo_image_collection isMemberOfCollection islandora:collectionCModel hasModel islandora:top hasModel demo:DualResImageCollection

40. 40 A digital object in a collection. (Display after select a collection) A digital object in a collection. (Display after select a collection)

41. 41 The collections are represent in fedora object hierarchy islandora:demos islandora:pdf_collectionislandora:demo_image_collection isMemberOfCollection islandora:6 islandora:1 isMemberOfCollection islandora:collectionCModel hasModel islandora:top demo:DualResImageCollection

42. 42 Go inside digital object to get standard MetaData

43. 43 1) 2) To get stream

44. 44 Be able to retrieve datastream of the digital object

45. 45 islandora:book_collection isMemberOfCollection Example structure from digitalized object such as Book that each page is scanned by TIFF format islandora:demos islandora:top isMemberOfCollection islandora:book1islandora:book2 islandora:book1-page1islandora:book1-page2 isPartOf

46. 46 It allows user to add digital object under selected collection e.g. islandora:pdf_collection Step: 1) click on “Add” It allows user to add digital object under selected collection e.g. islandora:pdf_collection Step: 1) click on “Add” 2) Select a content model of digital object. The choice leads to difference ingestion UI 2) Select a content model of digital object. The choice leads to difference ingestion UI 3) Click “Next”

47. 47 Put metadata information in application form

48. 48 Scroll down and click “Ingest” to finish ingest process

49. 49 All information (including datastream) of the created digital resource has already ingested to Fedora repository Fedora admin

50. 50 User can browse to page that allow user to manage collection and model by Menu : Administer > Content Management > Islandora Content Modeler User can browse to page that allow user to manage collection and model by Menu : Administer > Content Management > Islandora Content Modeler

51. 51 Collections of digital object that are displayed in the first page of digital repository page Can add more collection from button +

52. 52 All content models that are templates of digital objects Create more Input form to create Content Model

53. 53 Detail of a selected content model

54. 54 Input form elements that are customizable to display on ingestion form A new input element is able to create from the panel after click + to add element

55. 55 User can search and get the search result of digital object

56. 56 After view a digital object. User can click a metadata's’ value to search from that value e.g. dc.subject: History-Conoe Cove (PEI) After view a digital object. User can click a metadata's’ value to search from that value e.g. dc.subject: History-Conoe Cove (PEI)

57. 57 After that user gets related digital object that relevance to dc.subject:History and dc.subject:Conoe Cove (PEI) After that user gets related digital object that relevance to dc.subject:History and dc.subject:Conoe Cove (PEI)

58. 58