2. WHAT IS? SLEEPING SICKNESS IS A PARASITIC DISEASE OF PEOPLE AND ANIMALS, CAUSED BY PROTOZOA OF THE SPECIES TRYPANOSOMA BRUCEI AND TRANSMITTED BU THE TSETSE FLY. THE DISEASE IS ENDEMIC IN SOME REGIONS OF SUB- SAHARAN AFRICA. THE PARASITE IS UNABLE TO SURVIVE IN THE BLOODSTREAM WITHOUT ITS FLAGELLUM.

3. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS: AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS SYMPTOMS OCCURS IN TWO STAGES: 1.THE HAEMOLYMPHATIC PHASE: (FEVER-HEADACHES- JOINT PAINS-ITCHING) 2.THE NEUROLOGICAL PHASE: (CONFUSION-REDUCED COORDINATION-DISRUPTION OF THE SLEEP CYCLE- FATIGE, SLUMBER [DAY-TIME]-INSOMNIA [NIGHT-TIME] TRYPTOPHOL: CHEMICAL COMPOUND THAT INDUCES SLEEP IN HUMANS PRODUCED BY THE TRYPANOSOMAL PARASITE.

4. TSETSE FLY: LARGE, BROWN BITING FLY. HOST AND VECTOR (TRYPANOSOME PARASITES). FIRST, PARASITES ENTER THE LYMPAHATIC SYSTEM, THEM PASS INTO THE BLOODSTREAM AND REPLICATE BY BINARY FISSION. OTHER WAYS TO TAKE THE DISEASE: 1. MOTHER TO CHILD INFECTION 2.LABORATORIES 3.BLOOD TRANSFUSION 4.SEXUAL CONTACT

5. PREVENTION: THE STRATEGY USED TO CONTROL SLEEPING SICKNES IS DETECTION AND TREATMENT OF NEW INFECTIONS, TSETSE FKY CONTROL. 1.ERADICATION OF THE TSETSE FLY. 2.REDUCE SPREAD OF THE PARASITE. SYSTEMATIC SCREENING IS THE BEST OPTION(ENDEMNIC REGIONS). ALLOWS EARLY-STAGE DISEASE TO BE DETECTED AND TREATED BEFORE THE DISEASE PROGRESSES.

6. TREATMENT: IN THE HAEMOLYMPHATIC PHASE: 1.INTRAVENOUS OR INTRAMUSCULAR PENTAMIDINE. 2.INTRAVENOUS SURAMIN. IN THE NEUROLOGICAL PHASE: 1.INTRAVENUS MELARSOPROL 2.2 MG/KG DAILY FOR 12 HOURS. 2.INTRAVENOUS EFLORNITHINE 50 MG/KG EVERY SIX HOURS FOR 14 DAYS.

7. SPREADING: TRYPANOSOMA BRUCEI GAMBIENSE. HUMANS, ALSO IN PIGS AND OTHER ANIMALS. LOCATED IN CENTRAL AND WESTERN AFRICA. TRYPANOSOMA BRUCEI RHODESIENSE. WILD GAME ANIMALS AND CATTLE. LOCATED IN SOUTHERN AND EASTERN AFRICA. OVER 60 MILLION PEOPLE ARE AT RISK OF CONTRACTING THE DISEASE.

8. RESOURCES: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African_trypanosomiasis http://www.google.es/search?tbm=isch&hl=es&source=hp&biw =1280&bih=675&q=sleeping+sickness&gbv=2&oq=sleeping+si c&aq=0&aqi=g1g- S9&aql=&gs_sm=e&gs_upl=2231l11331l0l13554l14l14l1l1l1l0l 287l2484l0.6.6l12l0http://www.google.es/search?tbm=isch&hl=es&source=hp&biw =1280&bih=675&q=sleeping+sickness&gbv=2&oq=sleeping+si c&aq=0&aqi=g1g- S9&aql=&gs_sm=e&gs_upl=2231l11331l0l13554l14l14l1l1l1l0l 287l2484l0.6.6l12l0 BY:JACQUELINE VALLEJO FERNÁNDEZ