1. The phenotype of an organism a. represents its genetic composition b
The phenotype of an organism a. represents its genetic composition b. reflects all the traits that are actually expressed c. occurs only in dominant pure organisms d. cannot be seen

2. An organism having two different alleles for a trait is called
a. heterozygote  
b. homozygous dominant    
c. genotype   
d. monohybrid cross   

3. If an individual possesses two recessive alleles for the same trait, the individual is said to be a. homozygous for the trait            
b. haploid for the trait c. heterozygous for the trait          
d. mutated

4. a. gene b. mate c. hybrid d. dominance
  Mendel hypothesized that each trait is controlled by a factor, now called a
a. gene    
b. mate  
c. hybrid   
d. dominance  

5. Give the genotype for each gene combination: TT: tt: Tt:
T = Tall t = short
Give the genotype for each gene combination:
TT:
tt:
Tt:
Homozygous dominant
Homozygous recessive
Heterozygous

6. Rr RR rr Heterozygous Homozygous dominant Homozygous recessive
R = round r = wrinkled
Give the allele combinations for the following
genotypes:
Heterozygous round seeds
Homozygous round seeds
Wrinkled seeds
Give the phenotypes for the following
4. RR
5. Rr
6. rr Rr RR rr
Homozygous dominant
Heterozygous
Homozygous recessive

7. Which sequence shows the most complex structure to the least complex structure?
gene – DNA – chromosome
DNA – gene – chromosome
gene – chromosome – DNA
chromosome – gene – DNA

8. 1. Combining DNA from two different organisms is an example of
2. Combining the desirable qualities of 2 different organisms into one is referred to as
3. The process in which genetically identical offspring are produced by using the cells of an organism is called
genetic engineering
selective breeding
cloning

9. 1. The type of selective breeding in which organisms with different traits are crossed is called
2. The type of selective breeding in which organisms with similar traits are crossed to preserve the trait is called
Hybridization.
inbreeding.

10. What does structure A represent?
What technique is illustrated in the diagram?
3. What is this technique used for?
Gene / DNA
Genetic engineering
To produce insulin, growth hormone, clotting factors, genetically modified foods

11. The letter X most likely represents (1
The letter X most likely represents (1.)   bacterial cells that are unable to synthesize insulin (2.)   human cells that are able to synthesize antibodies (3.)   bacterial cells that are able to synthesize insulin (4.)   human cells that are unable to resist antibiotics
What is this process an example of?
Genetic engineering

12. Genetic engineering has been utilized for the production of
salivary amylase
human growth hormone
hydrochloric acid
uric acid crystals

13. When humans first domesticated dogs, there was relatively little diversity in the species. Today, there are many variations such as the German shepherd and the dalmation. This increase in diversity is most closely associated with
cloning of selected body cells
selective breeding
mitotic cell division
environmental influences on inherited traits

14. Is this a karyotype of a male or female? How do you know?
Males have the X and Y sex chromosomes