2. 1 Target: Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education, preferably by 2005, and in all levels of education, no later than 2015. 3 Indicators: 1.Ratios of girls to boys in primary, secondary and tertiary education 2.Share of women in wage employment in the non- agricultural sector 3.Proportion of seats held by women in national parliament

3.  Where do we need to be?  Where are we?  Challenges?  What could/should the media do?

4. 2008:96 girls for every 100 boys enrolled in primary school, & 95 girls for every 100 boys enrolled in secondary school. Tertiary education: the ratio between girls and boys in the developing regions is close to parity, at 97 girls per 100 boys. More girls than boys are enrolled in higher education in many regions (South-Eastern Asia).  But…. in most other regions, the number of boys heavily outweighs that of girls in colleges and universities. In Southern Asia, for example, only 76 girls per 100 boys, respectively, are enrolled in tertiary levels of education.

5. Other gender disparities found in the area of education?  Areas of study, (tertiary) with women being overrepresented in the humanities and social sciences and significantly underrepresented in science, technology, engineering.  Completion rates: tend to be lower among women than men.  What about quality of education?

6. Globally, the share of women in paid employment outside the agricultural sector has continued to increase slowly (41 % in 2008). But women in many regions are seriously lagging behind. In Southern Asia, and Western Asia, only 20 % of those employed outside agriculture are women. In almost every developing region, men outnumber women in paid employment. Top-level jobs still go to men — to an overwhelming degree.

7.  Even….when women represent a large share of waged workers, it does not mean that they have secure, decent jobs.  In fact, women are typically paid less and have less secure employment than men.  Women are over-represented in informal employment, with its lack of benefits and security.  Gap: more evident in regions where paid employment opportunities for women are the lowest (Western Asia).

8. The global share of women in parliament continues to increase slowly (all-time high of 19 % 2010). Yes, it is a gain of 67 % since 1995 (11 %)… But it is far short of the target of 30 % of women in leadership positions! 18% Legislative seats held by women in Asia. 15% in Pacific. 58 countries have 10% or fewer women members of parliament and, in nine chambers, women have no seats at all.

9.  Temporary Special Measures (quotas) measures taken by political parties & gov. continue to be key predictors of progress for women.  2009, the average share of women elected to parliament reached 27 % in countries that applied such measures (14 %)  Gender-sensitive electoral arrangements, well-trained and financed women candidates and political will at the highest levels of political parties and governments are key to overcoming gender imbalances in the world’s parliaments.

10. Gender mainstreamed into 8 Goals! Target and Indicator “Localizing the MDG’s ” Data! Working together

11. Ensure transparency Accountability Expose cases of bad governance Raising awareness Playing role as the guardian of public interest Educate, Foster Knowledge

12. UN Women East and Southeast Asia Regional Office UN Building. 5th Floor, Rajdamnern Nok Avenue, Bangkok 10200, Thailand Telephone: + (662) 288-2254 Email: caroline.horekens@unwomen.org Website: www.unwomen.org