2. The Wild West The Cattle Kingdom

3. 1607 – 1912 (English speaking mainland states)mainland states

6. Take me home, country roads, part 1. Country roads take me home (twist on side, one hand hand spread on the side of body, goes up in the air), to the place I belong, (same, just down) West Virginia, (hands crossed on chest) Mountain mamma, (triangle above heads), take me home (hands on the side of body, go down in the air) Country roads (same, just up),

14. Take me home, country roads, part 1. Country roads take me home (twist on side, one hand hand spread on the side of body, goes up in the air), to the place I belong, (same, just down) West Virginia, (hands crossed on chest) Mountain mamma, (triangle above heads), take me home (hands on the side of body, go down in the air) Country roads (same, just up),

15. Take me home, country roads, part 2. Almost heaven (big circle above heads, both hands), West Virginia (crossed hands on chest), Blue ridge mountain (triangle above heads), Shenandoah river (swirl with hand in front of body), Life is old there, older than the trees (hands moving up from knees to above head), Younger than the mountains (triangle above heads), growing like a breeze (left-right with hands, dangling, above head)

16. Take me home, country roads, back to p.1. Country roads take me home (twist on side, one hand hand spread on the side of body, goes up in the air), to the place I belong, (same, just down) West Virginia, (hands crossed on chest) Mountain mamma, (triangle above heads), take me home (hands on the side of body, go down in the air) Country roads (same, just up),

17. The Cattle Kingdom Mass movement of people into the West was into the Southern Plains area of Texas and surrounding areas to ranch and herd ________ on what was called the Cattle Frontier. At the end of the Civil War and after the cattle industry in the East was destroyed by the war and there was a massive number of ____________ coming into the Eastern Coast cities, a new source of ___________ (cattle) was needed. These conditions and the rising prices in cattle led to cattle ____________ on the Great Plains and the growth of the Cattle Kingdom. herding meatimmigrantscattle

18. The Cattle Kingdom The Cattle Kingdom developed on large open field estates called ____________ in Texas. The Texas ranchers rounded up wild cattle herds that roamed the area after the Spanish had left called Texas _____________ They were rough & durable, but were known as “the butcher’s nightmare: eight pounds of hamburger on 800 pounds of bone and horn.” To identify cattle herds, a _______ was burned into the cows side with a hot iron ___________. pokerrancheslonghornsbrand

19. The Cattle Kingdom The people who worked on the cattle ranches were mostly Civil War veterans: –Freedmen (blackmen), –Native Americans, and –Hispanics known as Cowboys or ____________________ (buckaroo, cowpoke, cowhand, and cowpuncher) The Cattle were herded on the open _____________ (large public domain grassland of the Plains) and allowed to __________ across it known as free range cattle. Cattle found with no brandings were called ___________ and were claimed by anyone who found them. rangewranglers mavericks graze

20. Cowboy Terminology Lariat – a rope used to catch cattle. (!the loop is called a hondo) Lasso – the action of roping a cow. Spurs – metal device placed on a boot to aid in walking and riding. Chaps – leather wore on the legs to provide protection. Bandana – cloth worn on face to block out dust. Saddle – a leather seat attached to a horse. Stirrup – hung from the saddle to place feet in while riding.

21. Cowboy Hat – various size hats that developed from the Mexican sombrero, invented by John Stetson called the “Boss of the Plains”. Rodeo – was a competition between cowboys on various skills. Mustang or Bronco – A wild untamed horse that roamed the open range, was “broke” or “busted” for riding. (stallion-male, mare-female) Bridle – placed around the horse’s head to control (reins – leather straps used to steer the horse) Gun – most used a Colt.45 peacemaker (usually a six shooter), some also carried a long arm or rifle (most popular was the Winchester repeater).

22. Cowboy Equipment

23. The Cattle Trails

24. Take me home, country roads, part 1. Country roads take me home (twist on side, one hand hand spread on the side of body, goes up in the air), to the place I belong, (same, just down) West Virginia, (hands crossed on chest) Mountain mamma, (triangle above heads), take me home (hands on the side of body, go down in the air) Country roads (same, just up),

25. Take me home, country roads, part 2. Almost heaven (big circle above heads, both hands), West Virginia (crossed hands on chest), Blue ridge mountain (triangle above heads), Shenandoah river (swirl with hand in front of body), Life is old there, older than the trees (hands moving up from knees to above head), Younger than the mountains (triangle above heads), growing like a breeze (left-right with hands, dangling, above head)

26. Take me home, country roads, back to p.1. Country roads take me home (twist on side, one hand hand spread on the side of body, goes up in the air), to the place I belong, (same, just down) West Virginia, (hands crossed on chest) Mountain mamma, (triangle above heads), take me home (hands on the side of body, go down in the air) Country roads (same, just up),

27. Take me home, country roads, part 3. All my memories, (big circle above heads, both hands), gather round her (start turning around) Miner's lady, (finish turning around) stranger to blue water (wave movement) Dark and dusty, (cover eyes) painted on the sky (right hand, big circle above head) Misty taste of moonshine (drinking movement right hand), teardrop in my eye (tear movement left hand)

28. Cow Towns Cow towns were rough and dangerous places which were controlled mostly by vigilante lynch mob justice. In Texas law enforcement was taken care of by the Texas Rangers. For most of the Plains region federal law enforcement was taken care of by U.S. Marshals. The frontier life of the “Wild” West created a national phenomenon of stories and myths of life in the West. the West was only “Wild” for less than thirty years

29. Marshalls vs. outlaws The Western frontier created famous marshals such as Wyatt Earp and Wild Bill Hickok. Wild Bill Hickok was gunned down in Deadwood Colorado by Jack McCall while playing poker (he was holding the deadman’s hand, pair of aces and eights, all black) Wyatt Earp was famous for jobs in Dodge City, and the shoot out at the OK Corral in Tombstone with Doc Holiday and his brothers against a group of Cowboys recognized by their red sashes.

30. OK Corral trivia The Gunfight at the O.K. Corral was a gunfight that occurred at about 3:00 PM on Wednesday, October 26, 1881, in Tombstone, Arizona Territory. Contrary to popular belief, the gunfight did not actually occur at the O.K. Corral. In fact, it occurred in a vacant lot behind the O.K. Corral. Although only three men were killed during the gunfight, it is generally regarded as the most famous gunfight in the history of the Old West.

31. Famous Marshals Wyatt Earp Wild Bill Hickok

32. Outlaws The West also created famous outlaws such as Calamity Jane, Jesse James, Billy the Kid, and Butch Cassidy. Calamity Jane was a gunfighter and companion of Wild Bill Hickok. Jesse James became famous for robbing trains and banks after the Civil War with the James-Younger Gang, he was killed by Robert Ford.

33. Famous Outlaws Calamity Jane Jesse James

34. Outlaws Billy the Kid (aka William H. Bonney) became famous during the well- known Lincoln County Wars (Range War) between Tuntsall/McSween (ranchers/regulators) and the Murphys (General store monopoly). –Billy the Kid was “shot” and “killed” by Pat Garrett. Robert LeRoy Parker (Butch Cassidy) was the leader of the famous bank/train robbing Wild Bunch Gang. –Butch Cassidy and Harry Alonzo Longabaugh (Sundance Kid) were shot together in a standoff with police in Bolivia.

35. Famous Outlaws Billy the Kid The Wild Butch

36. Wild West Myth The myth of the wild west was spread by small books called dime novels that were widely read during the time. William F. “Buffalo Bill” Cody also expanded the idea of the Wild West through his Wild West Shows featuring fighting cowboys and Indians, Chief Sitting Bull, and cowgirl Annie Oakley. The Dime novels and the Wild West Shows developed the stereotype (exaggerated or oversimplified) story of the Western Frontier.

37. Take me home, country roads, part 1. Country roads take me home (twist on side, one hand hand spread on the side of body, goes up in the air), to the place I belong, (same, just down) West Virginia, (hands crossed on chest) Mountain mamma, (triangle above heads), take me home (hands on the side of body, go down in the air) Country roads (same, just up)

38. Take me home, country roads, part 2. Almost heaven (big circle above heads, both hands), West Virginia (crossed hands on chest), Blue ridge mountain (triangle above heads), Shenandoah river (swirl with hand in front of body), Life is old there, older than the trees (hands moving up from knees to above head), Younger than the mountains (triangle above heads), growing like a breeze (left-right with hands, dangling, above head)

39. Take me home, country roads, back to p.1. Country roads take me home (twist on side, one hand hand spread on the side of body, goes up in the air), to the place I belong, (same, just down) West Virginia, (hands crossed on chest) Mountain mamma, (triangle above heads), take me home (hands on the side of body, go down in the air) Country roads (same, just up),

40. Take me home, country roads, part 3. All my memories, (big circle above heads, both hands), gather round her (start turning around) Miner's lady, (finish turning around) stranger to blue water (wave movement) Dark and dusty, (cover eyes) painted on the sky (right hand, big circle above head) Misty taste of moonshine (drinking movement right hand), teardrop in my eye (tear movement left hand)

41. Take me home, country roads, back to p.1. Country roads take me home (twist on side, one hand hand spread on the side of body, goes up in the air), to the place I belong, (same, just down) West Virginia, (hands crossed on chest) Mountain mamma, (triangle above heads), take me home (hands on the side of body, go down in the air) Country roads (same, just up),

42. Take me home, country roads, part 4. I hear her voice in the morning hour she calls me (ears like listening) Radio reminds me of my home far away (playing the guitar) Then driving down the road I get a feeling (wheel move) That I should have been home yesterday, yesterday (thumbs over shoulders, pointing back)

43. End of the Open Range The Open Range came to a halt when the bubble on cattle prices fell and bad weather conditions, but the biggest cause was the fencing off of the Plains by farmers due to the invention of barb wire by Joseph Gilden. The effect of the Cattle Kingdom was the increased mileage of railroads, the creation of towns to civilize the west for famers, but the biggest was the mass destruction of the wild Buffalo.

44. The “End” of the Buffalo During the 1840s to 1880s the Buffalo were hunted to almost extinction with as few as 1,100 left in 1889. The Buffalo were killed in huge numbers for their hide and tongues. Many buffalo were just shot by people from trains, just for sport. (the carcass was left to rot) The mass killing of the buffalo was also a direct cause of the Indian Wars during this period.

46. Tasks: Collaborate with two-three persons in your classroom 1.Complete a scenario of your choice (a list of ideas are given) and create a story. Choose two outlaws from the list given. 2.Create your own Wanted poster for one of your group members, think of a ‘crime’, reward, nickname, etc... List A rubric is provided to show criteria that need to be completed. Have fun and use your imagination!

47. Below is a list of outlaws to choose from, and a list of ideas of a scenario that you will create with a partner. There is an example of a story using two outlaw characters. List of Outlaws Jesse James Henry Antrim (Billy the Kid) David C. Anderson James Anderson John King Fisher David Atkins Kate Watson (Cattle Kate) Richard "Rattlesnake" Barter Samuel "Sam" Bass Pearl Hart Laura Bullion (Della Rose) William Carver Butch Cassidy Christopher "Kit" Carson Joy Samuel "Sam" Ketchum Thomas E. "Black Jack" Ketchum Bill McCarty George "Bitter Creek" Newcomb Robert "Bob" A. Olinger (Pecos Bob) Iron Jack Sheet George Shephard "Kid" Wade Erastus "Red" Yage List of Ideas for Scenario Create your own scenario of an adventure with the setting of the Old West. You will use the outlaw of you and your partner’s choices (two outlaws). Cattle rustlers Horse thieves Bank robbers Train robbers Shooting at the O.K. Corral Striking gold Indian territory You should have a beginning with a description of your setting, a middle (determining a climax) and an ending or demise, telling what happens between the two character outlaws from the beginning to the end. Best group will be awarded!

48. Example: Billy the Kid was said to be in town. Kit Carson was at the saloon asking about the notorious outlaw. He had been looking for a partner ever since he heard that there was a train coming into town carrying a surplus of guns and ammunition. Avoiding the sheriff, Billy the Kid was hanging low, out of sight. Kit Carson found the Kid hold up in a cavern just outside of the town. In collaboration, they came up with a plan to rob the train before it comes into the town. The train is heard miles down the track as Kit and Billy get ready to ambush the train. They pull their bandannas up around their faces, and with guns fireing they take both sides of the train. Kit caught a bullet in the leg, Billy got a shot off at a guard who went tumbling off the train before it came to a complete halt. The outlaws rallied up the trainmen, tied them together and it made off with two large boxes of guns and ammunition. Soon on their trail was the sheriff’s posse. After a chase under the blazing sun, experienced as they were, Kit and Kid managed to get fresh horses and the posse could not keep up with them anylonger.

49. Evaluation, total 25 points Group’s members Story 5 Points Wanted Poster 5 Points Scenario (each 2 points) 10 points Reflection of your work 5 Points ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ 2 – Creativity for your character’s characteristics 3 – Giving at least three details about your character’s life ____ Points 3 – insert or draw a picture of your character or someone similar 2 – add an interesting detail, such as: “Wanted Dead or Alive” or “Bounty of $60,0000” ____ Points Two characters Two or more interactions between characters Beginning Middle Ending ____ Points 2 Participation 2 Turned work in on time 1 Completion of all requirements ____ Points

50. Take me home, country roads, part 1. Country roads take me home (twist on side, one hand hand spread on the side of body, goes up in the air), to the place I belong, (same, just down) West Virginia, (hands crossed on chest) Mountain mamma, (triangle above heads), take me home (hands on the side of body, go down in the air) Country roads (same, just up)

51. Take me home, country roads, part 2. Almost heaven (big circle above heads, both hands), West Virginia (crossed hands on chest), Blue ridge mountain (triangle above heads), Shenandoah river (swirl with hand in front of body), Life is old there, older than the trees (hands moving up from knees to above head), Younger than the mountains (triangle above heads), growing like a breeze (left-right with hands, dangling, above head)

52. Take me home, country roads, back to p.1. Country roads take me home (twist on side, one hand hand spread on the side of body, goes up in the air), to the place I belong, (same, just down) West Virginia, (hands crossed on chest) Mountain mamma, (triangle above heads), take me home (hands on the side of body, go down in the air) Country roads (same, just up),

53. Take me home, country roads, part 3. All my memories, (big circle above heads, both hands), gather round her (start turning around) Miner's lady, (finish turning around) stranger to blue water (wave movement) Dark and dusty, (cover eyes) painted on the sky (right hand, big circle above head) Misty taste of moonshine (drinking movement right hand), teardrop in my eye (tear movement left hand)

54. Take me home, country roads, back to p.1. Country roads take me home (twist on side, one hand hand spread on the side of body, goes up in the air), to the place I belong, (same, just down) West Virginia, (hands crossed on chest) Mountain mamma, (triangle above heads), take me home (hands on the side of body, go down in the air) Country roads (same, just up),

55. Take me home, country roads, part 4. I hear her voice in the morning hour she calls me (ears like listening) Radio reminds me of my home far away (playing the guitar) Driving down the road I get a feeling (wheel move) That I should have been home yesterday, yesterday (thumbs over shoulders, pointing back)

56. Take me home, country roads, back to p.1. Country roads take me home (twist on side, one hand hand spread on the side of body, goes up in the air), to the place I belong, (same, just down) West Virginia, (hands crossed on chest) Mountain mamma, (triangle above heads), take me home (hands on the side of body, go down in the air) Country roads (same, just up),

57. Take me home, country roads, back to p.3. All my memories, (big circle above heads), gather round her (start turning around) Miner's lady, (finish turning around) stranger to blue water (wave movement) Dark and dusty, (cover eyes) painted on the sky (right hand, big circle above head) Misty taste of moonshine (drinking movement right hand), teardrop in my eye (tear movement left hand)

58. Take me home, country roads, back to p.1. Country roads take me home (twist on side, one hand hand spread on the side of body, goes up in the air), to the place I belong, (same, just down) West Virginia, (hands crossed on chest) Mountain mamma, (triangle above heads), take me home (hands on the side of body, go down in the air) Country roads (same, just up),

59. Take me home, country roads, back to p.4. I hear her voice in the morning hour she calls me (ears like listening) Radio reminds me of my home far away (playing the guitar) Driving down the road I get a feeling (wheel move) That I should have been home yesterday, yesterday (thumbs over shoulders, pointing back)

60. Take me home, country roads, back to p.1. Country roads take me home (twist on side, one hand hand spread on the side of body, goes up in the air), to the place I belong, (same, just down) West Virginia, (hands crossed on chest) Mountain mamma, (triangle above heads), take me home (hands on the side of body, go down in the air) Country roads (same, just up),