1. Spring 2012 Devon Taylor Home Energy Management & Smart Grid Technology

2. Smart Grid Technology in the Home Smart metering Fault detection Increased energy quality and efficiency High load appliances such as water heaters can be turned off by the power company during peak load Data is transmitted over power lines using BPL(Broadband over Power Line)

3. Objectives Implement a small scale home electrical system Use current transformers to sense current Use mechanical relays to switch lines on/off Collect data from the current transformers using a microcontroller Switch lines on/off using microcontroller and relay circuits

4. Objectives (Continued) Program the microcontroller to perform A-D conversion and exchange data with the PC Develop a web interface Provide power consumption data Allow switching control over each individual relay Network the PC to the LAN/Internet

5. Overall Design 240 Volt Wall Receptacle (Simulates power lines coming into house) Breaker Box 120 Volt Receptacles/Appliances 240 Volt Appliance (e.g. Water Heater) DPDT Relay (Normally Closed) Current Transformer Power Transistor Circuit Board Microcontroller board Low voltage signal line High Voltage line SPDT Relay Serial Communication Server BPL Modem Not implemented

6. Time Table - Milestones TaskEstimated Time Consumption Order/purchase required components1 – 2 Weeks Design and implement home electrical system with current transformers and relays 2 Weeks Wire inputs/outputs to microcontroller and PC 1 Week Program microcontroller to collect data/control relays and program PC to receive data/transmit control signal to microcontroller 2 Weeks Develop web interface with Apache/MySQL to display data and provide control 3 Weeks Network PC using BPL1 – 2 Weeks Total Time9 – 10 Weeks

7. Project Deliverables Drawings of home electrical circuits/sensors Documentation of microcontroller program Documentation of PC->microcontroller communications program/web interface Demonstration of how the system is used

8. Project Budget ItemEstimated Cost Breaker box & Breakers(Used/New)$50 - $100 25’ 10 AWG Romex$18 120 Volt Receptacles$10-$20 OSB/Wall Board for mounting$5 240 Volt Power Plug/Cable$20-$50 (Depends on amp rating) SPDT Relays$40-$60 Din Rail (mounting for Relays)$5 Current Transformers$100-$200 Power Transistors/Misc. Electronic Components/Wire/Boards $10-$20 Microcontroller$40-$60 PCFree - $100 Serial cableFree SoftwareFree Total$300 - $500

9. Applicability and Usefulness Help to provide more reliable and efficient energy Lessen power company expenses with smart metering Raise awareness to electricity users as to how they are using energy