1. Cells, Tissues, and Organs
The organization of multicellular organisms

2. In this lesson, you will learn…
The difference between unicellular and multicellular organisms
that cells of similar structures are organized into tissues
that several tissues may make up an organ
that organs are organized into systems

3. Unicellular Organisms
Paramecium
Amoeba

4. Unicellular Organisms
Paramecium
Microscopic organism
Found on surface of water (eg: pond, river)
Has hair surrounding the body for movement
Has a mouth

5. Unicellular Organisms
Amoeba
Often found at bottom of ponds or under rocks
Does not move fast
No arms, legs, eyes, mouth
Eats by surrounding its prey with its body
Lives only for 2 days
Reproduce by spliting itself into 2 new amoebas

6. Multicellular Organisms
Have many different cells
Different cells perform different functions
Examples
Plants
Humans

7. Cells in a Human Examples Red blood cell (transport oxygen)
Nerve cell (have nerve fibres to transmit signals to and from the central nervous system)

8. Cells in a Plant
Examples
Root hair cell
Leaf guard cell

9. From cells to tissues Tissue
Group of similar cells that are specialized to perform a particular function

10. Tissues in a Human Epithelial tissue
Covering or lining tissue to protect structure beneath it
Connective tissue
Joins, stores or supports all parts of an organism

11. Tissues in a Human Muscle tissue Cause movement Nerve tissue
Carry messages from one part of body to another by conducting electrical signals

12. Tissues in a Plant Epidermal tissue
Protects plant against injury and losing too much water
Vascular tissue
Transports materials within a plant

13. Tissues in a Plant Photosynthesis tissue
Carries out photosynthesis in a plant

14. From Tissues to Organs Organ
Group of specialized tissues that are gathered in a certain part of the body to perform a particular function together

15. Organs in a Human
Examples
Skin
Lungs
Heart

16. Organs in a Plant
Examples
Leaves
Stem
Roots
Flowers

17. From Organs to Systems System
Different organs working together to perform a major function in an organism

18. From Systems to Organisms
Made up of different systems working effectively in a coordinated manner

19. CELLS TISSUES ORGANS ORGANISM
The Human Body
- An organism
CELLS
TISSUES
ORGANS
ORGAN SYSTEMS
ORGANISM

20. Division of Labor
Each cell in a multicellular organism does not perform all the bodily functions.
Each type of cell is specialized to perform one particular function.
Different functions in a multicellular organism can be performed at the same time by dividing the work.

21. Division of Labor Division of labor
Sharing different functions in an organism among its cells, tissues, organs and systems ensures smooth running and effective working of the different parts in an organism as well as the organism as a whole

22. Main Organ Systems in a Human
Respiratory system
Digestive system
Skeletal system
Blood circulatory system
Excretory system
Muscular system
Nervous system

23. Respiratory System Respiration
Process in which cells release energy from the food we eat
Oxygen is required
Carbon dioxide is removed

24. Respiratory System Nasal Passage Pharynx Larynx Trachea Bronchus
Bronchioles
Alveoli

25. Respiratory System
Exhalation
Inhalation
Mechanics of breathing

26. Digestive System Digestion
Process in which large, insoluble food substances are broken down into smaller, soluble food substances for absorption into blood

27. Digestive System Mouth Pharynx Oesophagus Liver Stomach
Villi
Mouth
Liver
Pharynx
Stomach
Large Intestine
Small Intestine
Oesophagus

28. Skeletal System Supports our body Gives us shape Protects our organs
Enables movement

29. Skeletal System

30. Circulatory System
Transports nutrients, gases, water and hormones to different parts of the body
Include red blood cells, white blood cells, heart, blood vessels
Red blood cells
White blood cells

31. Blood Circulatory System

32. Excretory System
You must also get rid of fluids. The results of the excretory system is urine.
Kidneys are the core organs involved in the excretory system. Kidneys act as a filter. Eventually all of the blood in your body passes through the kidneys and they are able to do their filtering magic. The kidneys pull harmful molecules out of your bloodstream and leave the ones that are good for you.
Related body parts include the ureters, bladder, and urethra. Once the urine passes through your urethra, it's out of your body.

34. Muscular System
Enables movement by contraction and relaxation of muscles
3 muscle types:
Skeletal muscles
Smooth muscles
Cardiac muscles

35. Muscular System Deltoid Pectoralis major Biceps brachi Gluteus maximus
Rectus femoris
Gastrocnemius

36. Nervous System
- Consists of the brain, spinal cord and nerves found throughout our body
- Controls and coordinates functions throughout our body
- Enables us to respond to changes around us

37. Nervous System Cerebrum Corpus callosum Thalamus Hypothalamus Midbrain
Cerebellum
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Midbrain
Pons
Medulla
oblongata
Spinal cord

38. Plant Transport System