1. CHEMICAL POLLUTANTS IN WATER. Industrial and agricultural activity use many different chemicals that can run-off into water and pollute it. Water pollution can come from a number of different sources. If the pollution comes from a single source, such as an oil spill, it is called point-source pollution. If the pollution comes from many sources, it is called nonpoint-source pollution.

2. Types of Pollutants Nitrates – The increased use of fertilisers means that nitrates are more often being washed from the soil and into rivers and lakes. This can cause eutrophication (The process by which water acquires a high concentration of nutrients, especially phosphates and nitrates. These promote excessive growth of algae.nutrients Phosphates – eutrophication. Oil – Oil does not dissolve in water, instead it forms a thick layer on the water surface. This can stop marine plants receiving enough light for photosynthesis. It is also harmful for fish and marine birds. Petrochemicals – This is formed from gas or petrol and can be toxic to marine life.

3. Water Pollution and Disease Most diseases in the world are related to water and sanitation. Faecal/sewage pollution of water increases the risk of infection. Agricultural products. Septic tanks Storage tanks (underground) Landfills.

4. BILHARZIA – The parasite penetrates through the skin. Symptoms: an itchy rash, headaches, abdominal pain, diarrhea, bladder infections, fever, enlarged liver and swollen veins. MALARIA - Mosquitoes breed in water, especially dams, ponds, water tanks. CHOLERA - Caused by bacteria (Vibrio cholerae) that is spread through water contaminated by faeces.