1. Modern Language Association (MLA)Modern Language Association (MLA): In-Text Citation For additional information, please see the MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers (6th edition) & the MLA style website.MLA style website Adapted from: http://www.cws.illinois.edu/workshop/writers/citation/mla/intextcitation/

2.  “He was one of the few men of his times that actually aspired to being different” (Brown 12). Page Number, 1 st item in bibliographic if relevant citation  The basic format for MLA in-text citation is as follows:  e.g.,. One author claims that "no one is concerned with this issue" (Jones 45).  If the author’s last name appears in the citation, then only a page number is required:  e.g., "Howard Jones argues that ‘no one is concerned with this issue’" (45).

3.  If no author is available, use a short form of the title (the shortest form that will allow you to recognize the work properly). For instance, if you were working with an article called "Thirty Reasons to Spay Your Pet," you might use the following:  ("Thirty Reasons" 26)  If you were working with a book with no author called Belief in the Supernatural, you might use:  (Belief 567)

4.  Multiple authors are cited in a similar way, although both names are included, and joined by the word "and":  e.g., (Cortez and Jones 56)  For more than three authors, use the first author’s last name, followed by the abbreviation "et al.":  e.g., (Cortez et al. 378)

5.  When citing different authors with the same last name, include enough information so as to be able to differentiate them:  e.g., (H. Jones 48); (R. Jones 36)

6.  If you are citing more than one work by the same author, a combination of several of these methods is needed. For instance, if you have used two sources by the author Howard Jones, a book called The Man with the Horns, and a magazine article called "The Destruction of the American Mind," you might use the following:  (Jones, Man 475); (Jones, "Destruction" 34)

7.  When identifying corporate authors, use the same format, but substitute the group name:  e.g., (Modern Language Association 68)  The MLA Handbook also recommends that long group names be placed in the text itself, so as to avoid unwieldy in-text citations:  e.g., "The Society for the Greater Advancement of the Common Good insists that ‘all people have a right to free health care’" (47).

8.  If you are citing a source that is found within another source, use the abbreviation "qtd. in." For instance if you want to cite musician Miles Davis as he appears in a Nat Hentoff article, you would use the following format:  (Davis qtd. in Hentoff 34)

9.  More than 4 lines of text  Consider shortening it with an ellipsis  If still 4 lines, use a block quote Indented 10 spaces & flush with right margin Double spaced with no quotation marks Punctuation goes at end of sentence instead of at end of citation Civilization's going to pieces. I've gotten to be a terrible pessimist about things... The idea is if we don't look out the white race will be--will be utterly submerged... It's up to us, who are the dominant race, to watch out or these other races will have control of things. (Fitzgerald 38)

10.  Think again… 1.Are you relying solely on one sources info? What about weaving in a mixture of references? 2.Where is your voice/words?  You are the glue holding together the research. The research should only compliment and provide evidence for your ideas.  A scholarly, well-thought out paper is more conscious of this and does consider these two points before relying on the simpler method of cited only once at the end of a paragraph.  That being said, I would probably expect one or two paragraphs cited with one citation at the end for a student's paper at this level and would not consider it a poorly written paper for this reason alone.

11.  Cite each new idea ************************.“***********************” (Brown 52).*********************************** ******************************************************** ******************************************************** **************(56).************************************ ******************************************************** ********* (Smith).