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METRIC SYSTEM
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Metric System The metric system is based on a base unit that corresponds to a certain kind of measurement Length = meter Volume = liter Weight (Mass) = gram Prefixes plus base units make up the metric system Example: Centi + meter = Centimeter Kilo + liter = Kiloliter
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Prefixes: (all are lower case letters)
kilo = k = 1,000 x base unit hecto = h = 100 x base unit deka = da = 10 x base unit deci = d = .1 x base unit centi = c = .01 x base unit milli = m = .001 x base unit
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Conversion Hints Kilo Hecto Deca Meter Deci Centi Milli
Larger to Smaller Units Multiply by unit of 10 OR Move decimal correct # of times to the RIGHT Example: .20 dm = ? mm .20 dm * 100 = 20mm .20 dm = 20 mm Smaller to Larger Units Divide by unit of 10 OR Move decimal correct # of times to the LEFT Example: 10 mm = ? cm 10 mm /10 = 1 cm 10 mm = 1 cm
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How many jumps does it take?
Ladder Method 1 2 3 KILO 1000 Units HECTO 100 Units DEKA 10 Units DECI 0.1 Unit Meters Liters Grams CENTI 0.01 Unit MILLI Unit How do you use the “ladder” method? 1st – Determine your starting point. 2nd – Count the “jumps” to your ending point. 3rd – Move the decimal the same number of jumps in the same direction. 4 km = _________ m Starting Point Ending Point How many jumps does it take? 4. 1 __. 2 __. 3 __. = 4000 m
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Metric System These prefixes are based on powers of 10. What does this mean? From each prefix every “step” is either: 10 times larger or 10 times smaller For example Centimeters are 10 times larger than millimeters 1 centimeter = 10 millimeters
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Metric System An easy way to move within the metric system is by moving the decimal point one place for each “step” desired Example: change meters to centimeters 1 meter = 10 decimeters = 100 centimeters or 1.00 meter = 10.0 decimeters = 100. centimeters kilo hecto deca meter liter gram deci centi milli
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Metric System Now let’s try our previous example from meters to kilometers: 16093 meters = decameters = hectometers = kilometers So for every “step” from the base unit to kilo, we moved the decimal 1 place to the left (the same direction as in the diagram below) kilo hecto deca meter liter gram deci centi milli
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Metric System If you move to the left in the diagram, move the decimal to the left If you move to the right in the diagram, move the decimal to the right kilo hecto deca meter liter gram deci centi milli
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Metric System Now let’s start from centimeters and convert to kilometers centimeters = 4 kilometers centimeters = kilometers kilo hecto deca meter liter gram deci centi milli
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Metric System Now let’s start from meters and convert to kilometers
4000 meters = 4 kilometers kilo hecto deca meter liter gram deci centi milli Now let’s start from centimeters and convert to meters 4000 centimeters = 40 meters kilo hecto deca meter liter gram deci centi milli
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Metric System Now let’s start from meters and convert to centimeters
5 meters = 500 centimeters kilo hecto deca meter liter gram deci centi milli Now let’s start from kilometers and convert to meters .3 kilometers = 300 meters kilo hecto deca meter liter gram deci centi milli
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Metric System Now let’s start from kilometers and convert to millimeters 4 kilometers = millimeters or 4 kilometers = 40 hectometers = 400 decameters = 4000 meters = decimeters = centimeters = millimeters kilo hecto deca meter liter gram deci centi milli
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Metric System Summary Base units in the metric system are meter, liter, gram Metric system is based on powers of 10 For conversions within the metric system, each “step” is 1 decimal place to the right or left Using the diagram below, converting to the right, moves the decimal to the right and vice versa kilo hecto deca meter liter gram deci centi milli
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How many jumps does it take?
Ladder Method 1 2 3 KILO 1000 Units HECTO 100 Units DEKA 10 Units DECI 0.1 Unit Meters Liters Grams CENTI 0.01 Unit MILLI Unit How do you use the “ladder” method? 1st – Determine your starting point. 2nd – Count the “jumps” to your ending point. 3rd – Move the decimal the same number of jumps in the same direction. 4 km = _________ m Starting Point Ending Point How many jumps does it take? 4. 1 __. 2 __. 3 __. = 4000 m
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Conversion Practice Try these conversions using the ladder method.
1000 mg = _______ g 1 L = _______ mL 160 cm = _______ mm 14 km = _______ m 109 g = _______ kg 250 m = _______ km Compare using <, >, or =. 56 cm m 7 g mg
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Conversion Practice Try these conversions using the ladder method.
1000 mg = _______ g 1 L = _______ mL 160 cm = _______ mm 14 km = _______ m 109 g = _______ kg 250 m = _______ km Compare using <, >, or =. 56 cm m 7 g mg
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