1. Conditionals

2. 1st First conditional: If + present simple + future simple
Las oraciones condicionales son oraciones compuesta por :
una subordinada que expresa la condición ( conditional clause – if )
una principal que indica el resultado ( result clause).
En inglés existen 3 tipos:
First conditional:
1st
If + present simple future simple
If you give me a hand , I will be really grateful.
( Si me echas una mano,estaré muy agradecido)
No importa el orden en que se coloquen las preposiciones, pero si la condición ( if )
va primero se suele poner una coma entre ambas.
Además del future simple en el resultado también se pueden usar los modales y el imperativo
You can´t go out if you don´t finish your homework
If you search for information on the Internet, use Google

3. If + present simple , future simple
Para expresar que algo no ocurrirá si no se cumple la condición, la proposición es introducida por unless = if not ( a no ser que , a menos que )
Unless you study hard this term , you will fail English.
If you don´t study hard this term , you will fail English.
Unless se usa más en el 1st conditional. Es menos frecuente en el 2nd y nunca en el 3rd .
If + present simple , future simple
Modal
Imperative
Unless = if not

4. 2nd Second conditional If + past simple , would + infinitivo
If I studied harder , I would pass this exam
Si el verbo de la condición ( if ) es “to be” se suele utilizar were en todas las personas.
If I were a rich girl, I would buy a new car
Para dar consejos se usa… If I were you, I wouldn´t go ( Yo que tú no iría)
Podemos usar en vez de would los modales could o might ( indican que la
probabilidad de que se cumpla la hipótesis es aún menor – podría, tal vez, quizás-)

5. 3rd Third conditional If + past perfect , would have + participio
If you had studied harder, you would have passed this exam
En vez de would have también podemos usar could have o might have
If Jack had come , we could have gone to the party

6. 1st 2nd 3rd Summing up…. If + present simple , future simple Modal
Imperative
Unless = if not
2nd
If + past simple , would + infinitivo
Could
might
3rd
If + past perfect , would have + participio
Could have
might have

7. 1. If you like this CD, I’ll lend / I would lend it to you.
Choose the correct answer.
1. If you like this CD, I’ll lend / I would lend it to you.
2. You won’t / wouldn’t get lost if you had a GPS.
3. We’ll discuss it if you come / will come over tonight.
4. If he sends / sent me an , I’d reply at once.
5. We’ll miss the bus unless we will leave / leave now.

8. Choose the correct answer.
1. If you don’t help me with the homework, … .
a. I won’t be able to do it b. I wouldn’t do it
2. John will take pictures of your family … .
a. unless he forgets his camera b. if you would ask him
3. If we saved some money, … .
a. we bought a new computer b. we could buy a laptop

9. 1. You wouldn’t disturb people if you ……………………… (wear) headphones.
Complete the sentences with the correct affirmative or negative form of the verbs in brackets.
1. You wouldn’t disturb people if you ……………………… (wear) headphones.
2. If she goes online, she ……………………… (find) all the information she needs.
3. Jack can’t travel to America unless he ……………………… (get) a passport.
4. If I ……………………… (have) a Palm Pilot to help me, I wouldn’t be so well organised.
5. Unless the police catch the thief, they ……………………… (find) the jewels.
6. What would you buy if you ……………………… (win) the lottery?
wore
will find
gets
didn’t have
won’t find
won

10. Match A to B to form sentences.
A B
If there’s a good film on, a. I’d refuse his offer.
2. Dan would fix the TV b. if he’d practised more.
3. He would have played better c. they wouldn’t have been late.
4. If I were you, d. unless you know English.
5. If the car hadn’t broken down, e. I’ll go.
6. You won’t get the job f. if he were here. e f b a c d

11. Complete each sentence according to the meaning of the original sentences.
Use the first, second or third conditionals.
1. We didn’t visit the museum because it was closed.
We ……………………………… the museum if ……………………… open.
2. The temperature may reach 0º C tonight and the lake will freeze.
If the temperature ……………………… 0º C tonight, the lake ……………………… .
3. She hasn’t got a laptop so she can’t work when she’s travelling.
If she …………… a laptop, she ……………………… when she travels.
4. Hurry or you’ll miss the bus.
You ……………… the bus unless you ……………………… .
5. Bill had an accident because he was careless.
If Bill ……………………… careless, he ……………………… an accident.
6. Robbie is only nice to Ellie because she lets him borrow her iPod.
Robbie ………………… so nice to Ellie if she ……………………… her iPod.
would have visited
it had been
reaches,
will freeze
had
would be able to work
could work
would work
hurry
will miss
hadn’t been
wouldn’t have had
didn’t let him borrow
wouldn’t be
didn’t lend him

12. 1. These plants ……………………………… if you had given them water.
Complete the sentences with the verbs below.
Use the correct form of the affirmative or negative third conditional.
have • be • die • hear
1. These plants ……………………………… if you had given them water.
2. If she had wanted to, she ……………………………… a model.
3. The boss would have been angry if he ………………………… us talking.
4. If I ……………………………… a bad cold, I’d have gone to work.
wouldn’t have died
would have been / could have been
had heard
hadn’t had

13. Complete each sentence according to the meaning of the original sentence.
Use the words in brackets and the first, second or third conditionals.
1. She has to apologise or I won’t speak to her again. (unless)
I .
2. Shorter hair would make her look more attractive. (had)
If .
3. We’d better hurry, or the pizza bar will be closed. (open)
The pizza bar .
4. You aren’t fit because you don’t exercise enough. (more)
Unless .
5. Joe had to reset the computer because it crashed. (not)
won’t speak to her again unless she apologises
she had shorter hair, she would look more attractive
won’t be open unless we hurry / will be open if we hurry
you exercise more, you won’t be fit
the computer hadn’t crashed, Joe wouldn’t have had to reset it

14. Translate these sentences:
Yo que tú no lo haría.
Si me hubieras ayudado habría terminado antes
Si no me pagas antes del jueves, llamaré a mi abogado
Si has terminado, vete a casa
Si no os calláis no hablaré
Como no estudie mucho este año supenderé y mis padres no me comprarán la moto
Daremos un paseo cuando deje de llover
If I were you I wouldn´t do it
If you had helped me I would have finished earlier
If you don´t pay me by Thursday I´ll call my lawyer
If you have finished , go home
If I you don´t shut up I won´t talk
Unless I study hard this year I´ll fail and my parents won´t buy me the moped
We´ll go for a walk when it stops raining