1. FUSION SCIENCE CENTER FOR EXTREME STATES OF MATTER AND FAST IGNITION PHYSICS OVERVIEW R. Betti for the Fusion Science Center team UR, MIT, UCSD, OSU, UNR, UT, UCLA, GA, LLNL FSC 5 th FSC Meeting, Chicago IL, February 28, 2007

2. FSC Members – Faculty and Senior Research Scientists D. Meyerhofer (UR-LLE) W. Mori (UCLA) R. Petrasso (MIT) C. Ren (UR-LLE) Y. Sentoku (UNR) R. Stephens (GA) L. Van Woerkom (OSU) F. Beg (UCSD) R. Betti (UR-LLE) D. Correll (LLNL) T. Cowan (UNR) T. Ditmire (UT) R. Freeman (OSU) M. Key (LLNL) A. McKinnon(LLNL) C. Li (MIT) FSC

3. Members – Post docs and Res. Assoc. K. Anderson (UR) E. Baronova (UCSD) O. Gotchev (UR) F. He (UCSD) P. Nelson (UR) J. Pasley (GA) M. Wei (UCSD) J. Jing (UCSD) A. Solodov (UR) J. Tonge (UCLA) R. Riggs(MIT) V. Decyk (UCLA) W. Theobald (UR) Graduate Students D. Casey (MIT) C. Chen (MIT) G. Dyer (UT) B. Ick Cho (UT) N. Jang (UR) S. Kneip (UT) E. Shipton (UCSD) M.Tzoufras (UCLA) C. Zhou (UR) T. Ma (UCSD) A. Link (OSU) V. Ovchinnikov(OSU) R. Weber (OSU) A. Kryger(OSU) G. Li (UR) R. Yan (UR) T. Wang (UCLA) B. Crisman (UNR) FSC FSC Members – Research Associates, Post docs, PhD students

4. HEDP RESEARCH AND EDUCATION ARE THE TWO GOALS OF THE FSC FUEL ASSEMBLY e-TRANSPORT and LPI Other HEDP FI INTEGRATED SIMULATIONS HEDP SUMMER SCHOOL FAST IGNITION WORKSHOP and MINI-CONFERENCE FSC

5. The FSC has sponsored the 9 th international FAST IGNITION WORKSHOP NOVEMBER 3-5, 2006, CAMBRIDGE, MA FSC Francis Thio (DOE/OFES program manager for HEDP): “the FSC is doing everything right”  94 attendees from 8 countries  66 presentations  Presentations on FSC web site

6. The FSC is sponsoring the 2007 HEDP summer school. ILSA is cosponsor. Organizing Committee: F. Beg (Chair) A.Solodov R. Betti Program Committee: R. Petrasso (Chair) T. Ditmire R. Freeman FSC

7. Summer school in HEDP, July 29-August 4, 2007 UCSD Campus  Waiting for contract revisions from UCSD  ILSA contributes 10K  Our goal is to provide 50 scholarships  Application deadline is March 15  Preliminary program is available online  Proceedings to the Journal of HEDP?  UC Berkeley’s IMDEC would like to co-sponsor FSC

8. FSC activities on the hydrodynamics for Fast Ignition: Theory Simulations Experiments How to design and field an implosion for fast ignition fuel assembly ?

9. Optimum density for fast ignition Fast ignition implosion: Low Velocity V i Low adiabat  Large mass The hydro-theory of FI fuel assembly is developed by the FSC. Low velocity, low adiabat implosions are optimal for FI TC7377 R. Betti and C. Zhou, Phys. Plasmas 12, 110702 (2005); R. Betti et al, Plasma Physics Cont. Fusion 48, B153 (2006) R. Betti and C. Zhou, J. Phys. IV 133, 59 (2006) C. Zhou and R. Betti, submitted to Phys. of Plasmas FSC

10. 40  m 90  m 298  m 25 kJ FSC target designs for direct-drive fast ignition use massive wetted foam shells insensitive to fluid instability  R  3g/cm 2  R  1.9g/cm 2  R  0.7g/cm 2  300-500g/cm 3 R. Betti, A.A. Solodov, J.A. Delettrez, C. Zhou, Phys. Plasmas 13, 100703 (2006) FSC

11. 2D simulations of ignition and burn by 15kJ, 2MeV, 20µm, 15ps e-beam NIF Direct-Drive 00.511.522.5 50 100 150 200 Maximum FI gain at 300g/cc 100kJ PW 200kJ PW 2D simulations of ignition by fast electrons and burn propagation yield fast ignition gain curves FI allows for significant gains with a few hundred kJ laser driver R. Betti, A.A. Solodov, J.A. Delettrez, C. Zhou, Phys. Plasmas 13, 100703 (2006) Driver Energy (MJ) Gain FSC

12. E L  20kJ P  25-34atm  1.3 V  210 7 cm/s Peak  R is 0.26g/cm, 2 the highest  R to date on OMEGA Empty shells would achieve  R  0.7g/cm 2 and stop 4MeV electrons C. Zhou, W. Theobald, R. Betti, P.B. Radha, V. Smalyuk, C.K.Li et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 98: 025004 (2007) Slow implosions with low adiabat were tested on OMEGA D- 3 He fusion proton energy loss measured the high  R D 2 or D 3 He FSC

13. Proton radiography is used to measure E and B fields and areal densities in FI implosions 2.7 mm Protons per unit area on detector 15-MeV proton backlighter (imploded D 3 He- filled capsule) Imploding cone-in-shell capsule imaging detector FSC

14. DT ice DT gas CH DT ice CH(DT) 6 DT gas 506  m 240  m 106  m 2m2m Fast ignition targets can also be ignited by a spherically convergent shock FSC R. Betti, C. Zhou, K. Anderson,J. Perkins, A. Solodov, in press in Phys. Rev. Lett.

15. The shock ignition concept has been tested on OMEGA PULSE SHAPES WITH and WITHOUT SHOCK-SPIKE 390μm 40μm CH D2D2 25atm 012345 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 Power (TW) Time (ns) E L =17-18kJ  1.3 FSC W. Theobald, R. Betti, C. Zhou

16. FSC activities on electron generation transport : Theory Simulations Experiments Can large numbers of fast electrons be generated by the intense laser light-plasma interaction, their energy transported and efficiently deposited in the dense core?

17. 1ps pulse 1.710 20 W/cm 2 10µm spot Recent FSC experiments at RAL and TITAN study e-transport in wires and heating by the return current Wire targets FSC Beg, Freeman, Stephens, Key, Pasley, Wei, Van Woerkom

18. Silicon K- Emission at 7.1A Silicon X16 field enhancement Ditmire, Cho, Dyer, Sumeruk, Edens, Grisby, UT FSC experiments on THOR, show that fast electron generation is enhanced in sphere coated targets FSC K- emission

19. Particle simulations show the generation of a channel with electron density ~0.05n c FSC C. Ren, G. Li, J. Tonge, W. Mori, Fast Ignition Workshop, Cambridge MA, 2006 Channeling in underdense plasma Contours of electron density

20. 2D integrated cone-simulations with PICLS show relatively low energy electrons and large magnetic fields FSC Electron energy spectrumElectron density Quasi-static Magnetic fields Y. Sentoku and T. Cowan FSC

21. Integrated PIC simulations with an absorbing core show lower energy electrons reaching the core Electron energy spatial distribution Energy Spectrum J. Tonge and W. Mori

22.  2007 Annual Review by end of next week  FSC overview at the OFES Budget Meeting (March 15)  Summer school admissions (March 15-30)  HEDP Summer School (July 29-August 4)  Next FSC meeting (August 5-6)  FSC Renewal Proposal (Early 2008). Publish, publish, publish. FSC CALENDAR: TO DO LIST FSC

23. Monday 30 July Tuesday 31 July Wednesday 1 August Thursday 2 August Friday 3 August 7:30-9:00 Breakfast; registration Breakfast 9:00-10:30 Introduction to HEDP (Remington) Laser-Plasma Interaction, II (Mori) Physics of Dense Plasmas I (Ditmire) Physics of Dense Plasmas III (Ditmire) Implosion Hydrodynamics II (Betti) 10:45-12:00 Laser-Plasma Interaction, I (Mori) Laser-Plasma Interaction, III (Mori) Physics of Dense Plasmas II (Ditmire) Implosion Hydrodynami cs I (Betti) Implosion Hydrodynamics III (Betti) 12:00-1:30Lunch 12:00-2:00 Lunch and Panel Discussion: Careers in HEDP 2:00-6:00 Tours: GA fabrication labs, Be & pinch facilities/UCSD Lunch 1:30-2:45 Intense Laser-Matter Interactions I (Freeman) Intense Laser-Matter Interactions II (Freeman) Intense Laser- Matter Interactions III (Freeman) Plasma Based Accelerators (Joshi) 3:00-4:15 Diagnostics for HEDP (Meyerhofer) Materials Science and ICF Plasmas (Back) Fast Ignition (Key) Physics of Z-Pinches 4:30-5:45 Fundamentals of Inertial Confinement Fusion (Rosen) The National Ignition Facility (Moses) Simulation of Implosion Hydrodynami cs (Marinak) Presentations for outstanding student posters; Conclusion of business; Discussions of Summer school; Feedback on ways to improve. 6:00-7:30Dinner Dinner, Progress and Prospects of Fusion (Campbell) Dinner 7:30-8:30 Student Posters (diagnostics, ICF) Student Posters (astrophysics, Z-pinches) Student Posters (LPI, intense lasers, miscellaneou s)