1. Restoration of Native Vegetation: Exotic Organism Control 1.Understand biology (i.e. life history) of the exotic organism 2.Identify critical life history stage What life history traits make organisms successful invasives? 3.Determine possible control practices/techniques What intensity of treatment is acceptable? 4.Map your site  compartmentalize based on exotic species occurrence, density, threat, etc. 5.Develop removal program and schedule

2. Invasive Species Management European Buckthorn

3. Japanese Knotweed

4. Tartatian Honeysuckle Japanese Honeysuckle

5. Using fire to control exotics…

6. Kudzu (Pueraria lobata) is a perennial vine in the legume family Imported from Japan in 1876 to landscape a garden at the Japanese Pavilion at the Philadelphia Centennial Exposition. In the early 1900's, this vine was discovered to be excellent forage for cows, pigs, and goats in the South in acidic soils and during droughty seasons. It was also promoted as cover for erosion control in gullies. The distribution of kudzu in the United States today extends from Connecticut to Missouri and Oklahoma, south to Texas and Florida. Before 1970, kudzu was planted along Missouri highways to control erosion and some farmers experimented with kudzu for livestock fodder. Kudzu Case Study

7. Kudzu infestation 1. Mechanical and hand removal

8. 3. Prescribed burning then herbicide application 4. Native grasses planted

9. Completed restoration