1. Chapter 12: Oceans and the Environment Big Question: Can We Learn to Manage the Oceans’ Resources?

2. Lesson 12 / ESRM 100 / University of Washington World Fish Production

3. Lesson 12 / ESRM 100 / University of Washington The Decline of Fish Populations

4. Lesson 12 / ESRM 100 / University of Washington Death of a Fishery Case Study: Chesapeake Bay- A fishery disaster in the U.S.

5. Lesson 12 / ESRM 100 / University of Washington Other Problems Highly polluted farm runoff. Scientific theory remains inadequate

6. Lesson 12 / ESRM 100 / University of Washington An Ocean Is Many Habitats and Ecosystems

7. Lesson 12 / ESRM 100 / University of Washington Where Are the Fish? Most fish we eat come from continental shelves.

8. Lesson 12 / ESRM 100 / University of Washington Salmon, Anchovies and Upwellings Managing ocean fisheries is difficult. Salmon illustrate the problems of managing ocean fisheries. Many factors influence their birth and death rates.

9. Lesson 12 / ESRM 100 / University of Washington Upwelling Ocean Currents Upwelling ocean currents affect smaller fish that salmon eat. They bring nutrients, such as phosphorus, from deep ocean sediments and waters.

10. Lesson 12 / ESRM 100 / University of Washington Coral Reefs: A Special Problem Reefs are restricted to warm waters and therefore low latitudes.

11. Lesson 12 / ESRM 100 / University of Washington Coral Reefs at Risk We love them to death. More than half of the remaining coral reefs are considered at risk.

12. Lesson 12 / ESRM 100 / University of Washington We Pollute the Oceans Our wastes end up in the oceans.

13. Lesson 12 / ESRM 100 / University of Washington Marine Pollution Marine pollution affects oceanic life in a variety of ways Plastics are dumped into oceans, float with ocean currents, and accumulate in convergent currents (i.e. near the northwestern Hawaiian Islands.

14. Lesson 12 / ESRM 100 / University of Washington Making Ocean Fisheries Sustainable Problem: much of the open ocean is a “commons.” Managing fisheries: there are four options: 1. Establish a total catch quota. 2. Issue a restricted number of licenses. 3. Tax fish brought in, or the effort. 4. Allocate fishing transfer/selling rights.

15. Lesson 12 / ESRM 100 / University of Washington Marine Sanctuaries Sanctuaries can be invaluable in helping populations recover.

16. Lesson 12 / ESRM 100 / University of Washington Aquaculture and Mariculture Fish produced by Aquaculture and Mari (marine) culture

17. Lesson 12 / ESRM 100 / University of Washington Conservation of Whales and Other Marine Mammals

18. Lesson 12 / ESRM 100 / University of Washington Dolphins and Other Small Whales Source: Wikipedia

19. Chapter 12: Oceans and the Environment Questions? Email us at eschelp@u.washington.edu