1. Winter navigation and traffic management No MoS in Finland without reliable ice-breaking services! Lassi HILSKA, Senior Adviser, Leading Expert Venice 25.3.2015

2. Finland’s import, export and transit, tons and directions, year 2013 2 By SEA Mt By LAND Mt By Sea 90 % of Foreign Trade

3. Sea Areas used in IBNet to allocate the vessel 3 Total 96,3 million ton Export 47 Mt Import 49,3 Mt Bay of Bothnia Quarken Sea of Bothnia Gulf of Finland West Gulf of Finland East

4. Ice-breaker URHO 4

5. Finland’s winter navigation by sea areas, years 2010 - 2012 Yearly total of vessels at each sea area has been quite stable Number of vessels during ice restrictions (winter) Number of vessels, whole year Winter, assisted Winter, unassisted Winter, share of total Total per year (right axis) Gulf of Finland Eastern Western Sea of Bothnia Quark Bay of Bothnia Winters differ year by year Northern ports need most assistance

6. 6 Bay of Bothnia, Finnish – Swedish co-operation in ice breaking Assistance time per season (years 2000-2009) SE IB to SE Port (days/season) Average56 d MIN14 d MAX121 d FI IB to SE Port (days/season) Average6 d MIN0 d MAX18 d FI IB to FI Port (days/season) Average189 d MIN37 d MAX371 d SE IB to FI Port (days/season) Average23 d MIN0 d MAX75 d 189 d 6 d 56 d 23 d FI SE

7. 7 Bay of Bothnia, monthly amount of assistance days (years 2000-2009)

8. Winter navigation and traffic management Ministry of Transport and Communications  Transport Policy Department – Standard of service – Transport policy – Charging policy – Budget planning – Management by results – Goal setting for the Finnish Transport Agency Finnish Transport Agency – Management of service – Long-term planning – Consultations, Contracts etc. Prime Minister’s Office  Minister Sirpa Paatero  Government Ownership Steering Department – ownership policy, the ownership steering of state- owned companies  Arctia Shipping – Company of special interest (strategic) – 100% state-owned – Manning and ownership of ice-breakers lvm.fi8

9. Real-time information network for fleet management Changes in ice and weather conditions Long-term – Short-term Daily Hourly Demand of service Vessel traffic information Information systems – Services of Finnish Meteorological Institute – IBNet information system – I nterfaces or use of other ITS services  VTS, Portnet, Pilotnet, etc. lvm.fi9

10. Assistances to Finland by sea-areas1996-2012 Very mildNormalHard Baltic ice winter classification Gulf of Finland Sea of Bothnia Bay of Bothnia

11. Expected change in thickness of ice cover 11

12. Renewal of ice breaking capacity  Ice breakers are part of the infrastructure  Present fleet’s operational life time ends next decade  The need is expected to remain about the same – New vessels are designed by EEDI (Energy Efficiency Design Index) – Global warming is not expected to alleviate the need for ice breaking capacity in decades  Commercial ship owners are not willing to invest in ice-breakers (approximately 100plus M€/vessel)  Efficient life time of a vessel is 50 years  State-owned company secures the availability of capacity  Arctic operations may relieve the burden of capital costs to Finland’s trade 12

13. Sisu  Built1976  ShipyardWärtsilä  Helsingin telakka  Iceclass1A Super  Length104,6 m  Beam23,8 m  Draft8,3 m  Displacement9 660 t  GT7 525 t  NT2 258 t  Main enginesWärtsilä-Pielstick 12PC2-5V-400  Propulsion power16,2 MW  Speed18 solmua  Bollard pull113 t  Crew21  Call Sign  OHMW lvm.fi13 Arctia Shipping

14. Kontio lvm.fi14 Arctia Shipping Built1987 ShipyardWärtsilä Helsinki Iceclass1A Super Length99 m Beam24,2 m Draft8 m Displacement9 130 t GT7 066 t NT2 120 t Main EnginesWärtsilä 16V32 Propulsion power15 MW Speed18,5 solmua Bollard pull160 t Crew20 Call Sign OIRV

15. Arctia Shipping 15 19541975 1976 1986 1987 1994 1993

16. Thank you! lassi.hilska@lvm.fi 16