1. Overview Quality Improvement: A Strategy for Success May 5, 2015 Patricia Breen, RN,BSN,FCN Bureau of Primary Health Care/HRSA

2. Learning Objectives Name the three aims of the National Quality Strategy Recall the six dimensions of healthcare performance Identify components of a robust Quality Improvement (QI) Program Identify available QI resources

3. National Focus on Quality Institute of Medicine report HHS National Quality Strategy Accreditation (TJC/AAAHC ) Required element of Public Health Service Act Sec. 330 grants FTCA application NCQA Patient Centered Medical Home (PCMH) recognition Meaningful use (HIT) Patient awareness/satisfaction

4. National Quality Strategy’s Three Aims 1.Better Care: Improve the overall quality of care, by making health care more patient-centered reliable, accessible, and safe. 2. Healthy People/Healthy Communities: Improve the health of the U.S. population by supporting proven interventions to address behavioral, social, and environmental determinants of health in addition to delivering higher-quality care. 3. Affordable Care: Reduce the cost of quality health care for individuals, families, employers, and government.

5. Definition “Quality Improvement is a continuous ongoing process designed to improve patient outcomes”. (www.hrsa.gov/healthit/toolbox)www.hrsa.gov/healthit/toolbox

6. Quality Improvement Continuous proactive approach Commitment is critical Culture is crucial Customer focused Driven by data Encompasses: Assessing Implementing Evaluating Processes and Systems

7. Six dimensions of health care performance Provides strong foundation to support the delivery of quality health care that is: Safe Effective Patient-centered Timely Efficient Equitable Institute of Medicine, Crossing the Quality Chasm: A New Health System for the 21 st Century. March 2001. National Academies Press.

8. Have a Plan “A Goal without a Plan is Just a Wish”. - Antoine de Saint Exuprey

9. Components of an Integrated QI Plan

10. Components Mission/ Vision Organization–wide program Framework or model for QI activities Measurable goals QI processes for identification /response to problems Periodic review of QI Plan Risk management integration Additional Elements

11. Mission/ Vision Reflects what you are trying to accomplish at an organizational level Defines Goals/Purpose such as: Appropriate Care, Every Patient, Every Time May incorporate providing full access to care, utilization of best practices, ensuring effective information flow, mitigating risk in a fiscally responsible manner Delineates authority and scope

12. Organization – wide program Clinical director whose focus of responsibility is to support the QI/QA program QI committee composed of cross section of staff : clinical, non-clinical, administrative The team is critical to the development and execution of the plan Leadership involved in QI decision making One overall QI committee for multiple sites

13. Framework or model for QI activities Broadly: Assess your safety culture Consider patient population Develop process for collection of identified data Use data to guide quality improvement activities Ultimately need a method to identify and define the problem, generate alternatives, select a strategy, implement a process, and evaluate the results.

14. Data in primary care How much? enough to direct improvement efforts without being an undue burden Why? To understand population served To assess whether changes made are leading to improvement in care How? Analyze, Prioritize, Trend What ‘s next? Impact, Monitor

15. Model for QI activities Specifically: Rapid cycle Improvement: Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) FADE ( focus, analyze, develop, execute/evaluate) DMAIC (define, measure, analyze, improve, control) FOCUS (find, organize, clarify, understand, select) Six Sigma/ LEAN (purpose, process, people) Expanded Chronic Care Model

16. Measures/Benchmarks Uniform Data System(UDS) measures The Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set (HEDIS) National Quality Forum Performance Measures Benchmarks (Healthy People 2020; ANA National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators) Best Practices (ACOG, AAFP, AMA) Databases :AHRQ’s National Health Care Quality Report; National Healthcare Disparities Report CMS Meaningful Use Clinical Quality Measures Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS)

17. Goals Set SMART goals: Specific Measurable Achievable Realistic Time-specific Set Stretch goals

18. RM Overlap with QI A Measure of Quality: Implementing a QI/QA Program ECRI- April 2012 archived audio conference

19. QI Processes for identification of/ response to problems Reporting system Patient Satisfaction Surveys Patient/ Provider complaints Tools Cause and Effects Diagrams/ Fishbone Charts Flow charts 5 Whys Root Cause Analysis (RCA) Failure Mode Effects Analysis ( FMEA)

20. Factors to Consider when analyzing an event Patient Characteristics Task Factors Caregiver Factors Team Factors Work Environment Factors Department Factors Institutional Factors Pronovost, P. Understanding the Science of Safety.

21. Periodic review of QI Plan Board review and approval on a regular basis as evidenced by Board signatures or minutes Evaluate, Integrate, Celebrate, and Disseminate

22. Risk management Integration Proper Credentialing and privileging Appropriate Supervision of staff Periodic assessment of the appropriateness of the utilization of services and the quality of services provided or proposed to be provided to individuals served by the health center Tracking policies and procedures Triage policies and procedures Policies and Procedures for investigating and addressing medical malpractice claims

23. Risk Management Process

24. Additional Elements Maintain confidentiality of patient records Know and comply with state regulations Regular QI meetings and regular reports to the Board Document QI activities in QI committee Minutes and Board minutes o Attendees, agenda items, discussion topics, recommendations, action items, responsible parties, timeline

25. QI + The National Quality Three Aims and Your FQHC 1.Better Care: Improve the overall quality of care, by making health care more patient-centered reliable, accessible, and safe. 2. Healthy People/Healthy Communities: Improve the health of the U.S. population by supporting proven interventions to address behavioral, social, and environmental determinants of health in addition to delivering higher-quality care. 3. Affordable Care: Reduce the cost of quality health care for individuals, families, employers, and government.

26. Guidance articles Self-assessment questionnaires Education and training tools Toolkits Sample policies and tools Archived webinars Archived Virtual Conference E-learn continuing education Electronic fetal monitoring online education Biweekly E-news Monthly Get Safe! assessment checklists Quarterly Practice Alert! assessment tools Quality in Action newsletter 26 ECRI Clinical Risk Management Resources Clinical_RM_Program@ecri.org Clinical_RM_Program@ecri.org (610) 825-6000, x5200

28. General Contact Information FTCA/BPHC Help Line Phone: 1-877-974-BPHC (877-974-2742) 9:00 AM to 5:30 PM (ET) Email: BPHChelpline@hrsa.govBPHChelpline@hrsa.gov FTCA Website: http://www.bphc.hrsa.gov/ftca/http://www.bphc.hrsa.gov/ftca/

29. Contact Information Patricia M. Breen RN Public Health Analyst Bureau of Primary Health Care Office of Quality Improvement 5600 Fishers Lane, 16W61C Rockville, Maryland 20857 Phone: 301- 443-6349 Email: pbreen@hrsa.govpbreen@hrsa.gov