1. Jirasak Raksachum Prince of Songkla University

2.  XBee ?  Specifications of the XBee®/XBee ‐ PRO®  Pin Signals  Serial Communications  ZigBee & Network  API Operation

3.  operate within the ZigBee protocol and support the unique needs of low-cost, low-power wireless sensor networks.  The modules require minimal power and provide reliable delivery of data between remote devices.  The modules operate within the ISM 2.4 GHz frequency band

4. SpecificationXBeeXBee-PRO (S2)XBee-PRO (S2B) Performance Indoor/Urban Rangeup to 133 ft. (40 m)Up to 300 ft. (90 m), up to 200 ft (60 m) international variant Outdoor RF line-of- sight Range up to 400 ft. (120 m)Up to 2 miles (3200 m), up to 5000 ft (1500 m) international variant Transmit Power Output 2mW (+3dBm), boost mode enabled 1.25mW (+1dBm), boost mode disabled 50mW (+17 dBm) 10mW (+10 dBm) for International variant 63mW (+18 dBm) 10mW (+10 dBm) for International variant RF Data Rate250,000 bps Data Throughputup to 35000 bps Serial Interface Data Rate (software selectable) 1200 bps - 1 Mbps (non-standard baud rates also supported)

5. SpecificationXBeeXBee-PRO (S2)XBee-PRO (S2B) Power Requirements Supply Voltage2.1 - 3.6 V3.0 - 3.4 V2.7 - 3.6 V Operating Current (Transmit, max output power) 40mA (@ 3.3 V, boost mode enabled) 35mA (@ 3.3 V, boost mode disabled) 295mA (@3.3 V) 170mA (@3.3 V) international variant 205mA, up to 220 mA with programmable variant (@3.3 V) 117mA, up to 132 mA with programmable variant (@3.3 V), International variant Operating Current (Receive)) 40mA (@ 3.3 V, boost mode enabled) 38mA (@ 3.3 V, boost mode disabled) 45 mA (@3.3 V)47 mA, up to 62 mA with programmable variant (@3.3 V)

6. SpecificationXBeeXBee-PRO (S2)XBee-PRO (S2B) General Operating Frequency Band ISM 2.4 GHz Operating Temperature -40 to 85º C (industrial) Networking Number of Channels 16 Direct Sequence Channels 14 Direct Sequence Channels 15 Direct Sequence Channels Channels11 to 2611 to 2411 to 25

8. Pin #NameDirectionDefault StateDescription 1VCC--Power supply 2DOUTOutput UART Data Out 3DIN / CONFIGInput UART Data In 4DIO12BothDisabledDigital I/O 12 5RESETBothOpen-Collector with pull-up Module Reset (reset pulse must be at least 200 ns) 6RSSI PWM / DIO10BothOutputRX Signal Strength Indicator / Digital IO 7DIO11BothInputDigital I/O 11 8[reserved]-DisabledDo not connect 9DTR / SLEEP_RQ/ DIO8 BothInputPin Sleep Control Line or Digital IO 8 10GND--Ground

9. Pin #NameDirectionDefault State Description 11DIO4BothDisabledDigital I/O 4 12CTS / DIO7BothOutputClear-to-Send Flow Control or Digital I/O 7. CTS, if enabled, is an output 13ON / SLEEPOutput Module Status Indicator or Digital I/O 9 14VREFInput-Not used for EM250. 15Associate / DIO5 BothOutputAssociated Indicator, Digital I/O 5 16RTS / DIO6BothInputRequest-to-Send Flow Control, Digital I/O 6. RTS, if enabled, is an input. 17AD3 / DIO3BothDisabledAnalog Input 3 or Digital I/O 3 18AD2 / DIO2BothDisabledAnalog Input 2 or Digital I/O 2 19AD1 / DIO1BothDisabledAnalog Input 1 or Digital I/O 1 20AD0 / DIO0 / Commissioning Button BothDisabledAnalog Input 0, Digital IO 0, or Commissioning Button

10.  Devices that have a UART interface can connect directly to the pins of the RF module as shown

11.  The XBee modules support both transparent and API (Application Programming Interface) serial interfaces.

12.  sends RF data to multiple destinations  sends remote configuration commands to manage devices in the network  receives IO samples from remote devices  receives RF data packets from multiple devices, and the application needs to know which device sent which packet  must support multiple ZigBee endpoints, cluster IDs, and/or profile IDs  uses the ZigBee Device Profile services.  If the above conditions do not apply (e.g. a sensor node, router, or a simple application), then AT firmware might be suitable. It is acceptable to use a mixture of devices running API and AT firmware in a network.

14.  Selects a channel and PAN ID (both 64-bit and 16-bit) to start  Can allow routers and end devices to join the network  Can assist in routing data  Cannot sleep--should be mains powered  Can buffer RF data packets for sleeping end device children.

15.  Must join a ZigBee PAN before it can transmit, receive, or route data  After joining, can allow routers and end devices to join the network  After joining, can assist in routing data  Cannot sleep--should be mains powered.  Can buffer RF data packets for sleeping end device children.

16.  Must join a ZigBee PAN before it can transmit or receive data  Cannot allow devices to join the network  Must always transmit and receive RF data through its parent. Cannot route data.  Can enter low power modes to conserve power and can be battery-powered.

18.  ZigBee networks are called personal area networks or PANs.  Each network is defined with a unique PAN identifier (PAN ID).  This identifier is common among all devices of the same network.

19.  ZigBee utilizes direct-sequence spread spectrum modulation and operates on a fixed channel.  The 802.15.4 PHY defines 16 operating channels in the 2.4 GHz frequency band.  XBee modules support all 16 channels and XBee- PRO modules support 14 of the 16 channels.

20.  64-bit Device (extended) address  Coordinator : 0x0000000000000000  Broadcast : 0x000000000000FFFF  Unicast : 0x0013A200XXXXXXXX  16-bit Device (network) address  Coordinator : 0x0000  0xFFFE if address is unknown

21. the UART data frame structure is defined as follows: The length field has a two-byte value that specifies the number of bytes that will be contained in the frame data field. It does not include the checksum field.

22.  Frame data of the UART data frame forms an API-specific structure as follows:

24.  To calculate: Not including frame delimiters and length, add all bytes keeping only the lowest 8 bits of the result and subtract the result from 0xFF.  To verify: Add all bytes (include checksum, but not the delimiter and length). If the checksum is correct, the sum will equal 0xFF.

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