1. Brucellosis Eradication Program 4-H Veterinary Science Extension Veterinary Medicine Texas AgriLife Extension Service College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Science Texas A&M System http://aevm.tamu.edu

2. Objectives Discuss the decrease in the prevalence of brucellosis in cattle and swine Understand that health regulations are health management practices used to prevent the spread of the disease

3. Numerous animal species affected Endemic to most parts of world Reportable Bacterial disease Zoonotic

4. Causative Agent Caused by species of Brucella bacteria Brucella abortus - cattle, bison, elk Brucella melitensis - goats Brucella suis - swine Brucella ovis - sheep Brucella canis - dogs Brucella neotomae - rats

5. -USDA, VS

6. Transmission Routes of exit from infected animal Aborted fetus Reproductive fluids Placenta Milk Urine Semen

7. Routes of entry to susceptible animal Ingestion Mucous membranes Broken skin Intact skin

8. Once an animal is infected, it is forever infected with bacteria Reservoir hosts shed bacteria Dead-end hosts do not shed bacteria

9. Diagnosis Clinical symptoms of Bang’s disease in cattle Abortions Retained placentas Decreased milk production Testicular abscesses Arthritis Laboratory tests Serology Culture

10. Clinical symptoms in horses Fistulous withers Poll evil Laboratory tests Serology Culture

11. Clinical symptoms in sheep and goats Abortions Retained placentas Mastitis Lameness Orchitis and epididymitis Impaired fertility Laboratory tests Serology Culture

12. Clinical symptoms in swine Abortions Weak/stillborn piglets Orchitis Sterility in boars Swollen joints and tendon sheaths Lameness Posterior paralysis Metritis Body abscesses Laboratory tests Serology Culture

13. Prevention Heifer vaccination Testing new entries Herd testing and slaughter

14. -USDA Vaccinating Heifers Helps to Keep the Free of Bang’s Disease

15. Regulation and Eradication National Animal Identification System (pending)‏ USDA Brucellosis Eradication Program Interstate movement testing Show testing First point testing Slaughter testing Surveillance Herd certification/validation Texas FEAD Emergency Response Plan Identify positive animals and destroy Reduce amount of time to get back test results Track origin of suspects animals

17. Swine Brucellosis Brucella suis Zoonotic

18. Transmission Oral Venereal Prevention No vaccine

19. Symptoms Abortions Infertility Sterility

20. Surveillance Blood test Shows Slaughter plants Change-of-ownership Organized hunts

21. Eradication Quarantine and disposal