1. Make a green university
What is the present organization?
What would a DfE based approach be like?
What are the products?
How will environmental performance be
integrated in into the product?
Who has to be involved?
How should it be supported?
Who initiates and organizes?

2. Environmental Management: From Overhead to Integration
Environmental Management as an EHS Activity to
Top Management Commitment
Environmental Policy
Green organization
Environmental Management Systems

3. Environmental Management
Objectives of this part of the course
Introduce you to main concepts and practices of environmental management
Understand environmental management from DfE driven perspective

4. This class:
Become familiar with departmental or activity based divisions of a company
Understand integration of Environmental Management into those activities
Understand how this integration can be driven by DfE

5. What has been (and for the most part remains) the primary way for companies to deal with environmental issues?

6. Departmentalization of Environmental Activities
Support Activities
TOP MANAGEMENT
Site and Facilities
Human Resources
Accounting
Purchasing
Research & Development
Environment Health & Safety
Primary Activities
Logistics
Production
Distribution
Marketing

7. The Role of Environmental, Health and Safety (EHS) Departments
Ensuring compliance with government and corporate health, safety and environmental regulations
Monitoring, recording, and reporting
Advising and policing other departments

8. Overhead Or Integration
Companies are organize to perform business strategies efficiently
EHS added to existing structure as department to lessen disruption of existing strategy
Or Integration
Environmental performance made a part of all activities as part of a strategy for combining environmental performance with the companies activities
Only top management can integrate all the diverse activities of a firm to achieve a common goal

9. Research & Development
Fig. 1 Integrating Environmental Improvement across Departmental Boundaries
Support Activities
TOP MANAGEMENT
Site and Facilities
Human Resources
Accounting
Purchasing
Research & Development
Environment Health & Safety
Primary Activities
Logistics
Production
Distribution
Marketing
Integrating environmental improvements throughout a business’s divisions

10. Top Management
Strategy
Commitment
Policy
Organization

11. Strategy: Competitive Advantages of a Sustainable Business
Improved product quality
Healthy working environment and staff commitment
Improved community relations
Positive pressure group relations
Improved media coverage
Green Products and byproducts
Cheaper finance
Lower insurance and legal costs
Assured present and future compliance
Improved materials and energy efficiency
Reduced cleanup and decommissioning costs
Reduced supplier and customer costs

12. Organization: Stakeholder Expansion
Trading Partners
Community
Employees
Investors
Insurers
Media
Pressure Groups
Customers
Government

13. Today’s Case: Nokia

14. Environmental Strategy at Nokia

15. Nokia’s Vision Nokia’s Strategy
Nokia sees mobile technology as an enabler that can help create a more sustainable world. Combined with better product design, tighter control of production processes, greater reuse of materials, and proper recycling, mobile communications can help to reduce the use of scarce natural resources and energy.
Nokia’s Strategy
Covers the whole value chain and is implemented through four key programs – Design for Environment, Supplier Network Management, Environmental Management Systems, and End-of-Life Practices. With the help of these programs we strive to eliminate risks, gain the acceptance of our stakeholders and increase our profits.

16. Strategy based on:
Mobility: Mobile technology and digital services can often replace the need for travel or transport, and this in turn reduces the greenhouse effect caused by the burning of fossil fuels. Mobile technology can make various transactions easier and enable greater economic and social activity, driving industry growth.
Growth: We strive to handle the short life cycles of mobile phones and the related increase in consumption by operating in a sustainable and responsible manner. We take part in a wide range of cooperative initiatives and global organizations to share knowledge and shape effective environmental policies. At the same time, we strive to reduce material and energy consumption in our own activities.
Quality: Reduction of waste is an environmental goal closely linked with quality - quality of design, sourcing, assembly, and end-of-life practices.

17. Strategy meaning:
Mobility: making the best out of mobile phones reduction of infrastructure and traveling impacts.
Growth: dealing with increasing consumption of mobiles and their short life spans through eco-efficiency and cooperation
Quality: linking environmental performance to product quality

18. Top Management Commitment
Personal actions and responsibility
Corporate actions and responsibility

19. Environmental Policy Reasons for an environmental policy
Guidelines for an environmental policy
The International Chamber of Commerce Benchmark
Examples

20. Reasons for Environmental Policy
States the company’s commitment to improve environmental performance to all stakeholders
Creates a base from which all stakeholders can judge performance

21. Guidelines for an Environmental Policy
Communicate company’s commitment to environmental protection to all stakeholders
Cover all aspects of a company’s activities
Create performance objectives and targets that are reasonable and can be measured
Clear and understandable
Signed by CEO or Managing Director

22. International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) Business Charter for Sustainable Development
1. Corporate Priority
2. Integrated Management
3. Process of Improvement
4. Employee Education
5. Prior Assessment
6. Products or services
7. Customer Advice
8. Facilities and Operations
9. Research
10. Precautionary Approach
11. Contractors and Suppliers
12. Emergency Preparedness
13. Transfer of Technology
14. Contributing to the Common Effect
15. Openness to Concerns
16. Compliance and Reporting

23. Environmental Policy
CX will ensure that our staff are educated in environmental matters.
CX will develop systems to minimize and conserve energy.
CX will encourage the development of environmentally friendly technologies within the airline industry.
CX will participate in influencing the Hong Kong Government in environmental matters.
CX will consciously act as an environmental leader in the community.

24. China Light and Power Our Policy
As a responsible corporate citizen, the CLP Group is to providing quality power supply and services to our customers in a manner that ensures a safe, healthy and clean business environment for our employees, customers and the public.
Our goals are "Zero Accident", "Zero Non-compliance" and "World Class Products and Services".

25. CLP con’t
Our principles are to:
Exceed the service requirements and expectations of our customers, to ensure we are their preferred energy service supplier
Operate to the highest standards in safety and health
Conduct our business in a manner that strives to balance the sustainable environmental, social and economic needs of the community
Develop a competent, innovative, responsible and motivated work force
Encourage and require, wherever appropriate, our business partners, suppliers and contractors to adopt equivalent principles.
We will continue to systematically identify, monitor, review and control our safety and health risks, environmental impact and quality issues to ensure ongoing improvement.

26. Elek and Eltek
We are committed to protect the environment and pursue continual improvement of our environmental performance in the printed circuit board manufacturing business with the following principles:
To comply with all applicable environmental legislation's and other subscribed requirement;
To monitor and control the significant environmental impacts associated with our business activities;
To prevent pollution and conserve resources in every aspect of our business activities;
To provide training and support to enhance environmental consciousness amongst all levels of employees;
To share environmental experience with our customers, vendors and other interested parties; and
To support public environmental programmes and activities.

27. IBM
Provide a safe and healthful workplace and ensure that personnel are properly trained and have appropriate safety and emergency equipment.
Be an environmentally responsible neighbor in the communities where we operate, and act promptly and responsibly to correct incidents or conditions that endanger health, safety, or the environment. Report them to authorities promptly and inform affected parties as appropriate.
Conserve natural resources by reusing and recycling materials, purchasing recycled materials, and using recyclable packaging and other materials.

28. IBM con’t
Develop, manufacture, and market products that are safe for their intended use, efficient in their use of energy, protective of the environment, and that can be reused, recycled or disposed of safely.
Use development and manufacturing processes that do not adversely affect the environment, including developing and improving operations and technologies to minimize waste, prevent air, water, and other pollution, minimize health and safety risks, and dispose of waste safely and responsibly.
Ensure the responsible use of energy throughout our business, including conserving energy, improving energy efficiency, and giving preference to renewable over non-renewable energy sources when feasible.

29. IBM con’t
Participate in efforts to improve environmental protection and understanding around the world and share appropriate pollution prevention technology, knowledge and methods.
Utilize IBM products, services and expertise around the world to assist in the development of solutions to environmental problems.
Meet or exceed all applicable government requirements and voluntary requirements to which IBM subscribes.
Set and adhere to stringent requirements of our own no matter where in the world the company does business.
Strive to continually improve IBM's environmental management system and performance, and periodically issue progress reports to the general public.

30. IBM con’t
Conduct rigorous audits and self-assessments of IBM's compliance with this policy, measure progress of IBM's environmental affairs performance, and report periodically to the Board of Directors.
Every employee and every contractor on IBM premises is expected to follow this policy and to report any environmental, health, or safety concern to IBM management. Managers are expected to take prompt action.

31. Thinking Globally
Achieving Excellence
Searching for Sustainability
Managing Growth
Managing Energy
Managing Waste
Controlling Pollution
Operating Safely
Obeying the Law
Raising Awareness .

32. Raising Awareness
Our mission is to forge a new and more sustainable ethic for business. We are committed to continuous education for our employees on environmental issues. We are committed to freedom of information and full and comprehensive public disclosure of our environmental performance . We are also committed to encouraging our business partners around the world to report on their environmental performance.

33. BP's commitment to health, safety and the environmental performance
Everybody who works for BP, anywhere, is responsible for getting HSE right. Good HSE performance and the health, safety and security of everyone who works for us are critical to the success of our business.
Our goals are simply stated - no accidents, no harm to people, and no damage to the environment.
We will continue to drive down the environmental and health impact of our operations by reducing waste, emissions and discharges, and using energy efficiently. We will produce quality products that can be used safely by our customers.

34. BP con’t
We will:
consult, listen and respond openly to our customers, employees, neighbours, public interest groups and those who work with us work with others - our partners, suppliers, competitors and regulators - to raise the standards of our industry openly report our performance, good and bad recognize those who contribute to improved HSE performance
Our business plans include measurable HSE targets. We are all committed to meeting them.
Sir John Browne
Chief Executive Officer

35. Nokia’s Environmental Policy
Nokia is committed to the pursuit of environmentally sustainable development. The company's policy is to achieve such development by leveraging its resources including technological know-how, market position and the continuous building of competencies.
From an organizational point of view, environmental management is integrated into all business activities. Based on the principle of sustainable development, Nokia and its people work continuously towards good corporate community involvement.

36. Nokia’s Environmental Policy
The basic principles of our environmental policy are:
A successful business requires a solid product life cycle-based environmental performance.
The Nokia Way means an active, open and ethically sound approach to environmental protection.
The objective of Nokia's environmental policy is sustainable development in accordance with the ICC (International Chamber of Commerce) business charter.

37. Nokia’s Environmental Policy
Principles of Implementation
The environmental policy is part of the general management process.
Line organizations plan and implement the action programs by using environmental specialists and the best available technology.
The action programs are based on a thorough understanding of the environmental impacts of a product throughout its life cycle.
Minimizing the environmental impacts requires continuous efforts and follow-up of the results; it is thereby a part of the total improvement activities.

38. Green Organization Bottom-up as well as top down improvements
Education and training
Responsibility, accountability and reward
Organizational integration and structure
Environmental manager
Green management committees and work teams

39. Environmental Manager: integrator
Co-ordinate and consolidate efforts from staff of different operations into environmental programs;
Communicate the objectives of the environmental programs to staff, and solicit their suggestions and support;
Oversee the progress of environmental programs;
Ensure that good business results are achieved through the environmental programs; and
Provide a contact point for sharing information with external parties.

40. Integrated Structure
Green Management Committees
Green Work Teams

41. Green Management Committee

42. Design for Environment
Dematerializing

43. Organization: External Help
Stakeholders
Consultants: environmental management, strategic management, scientific etc.
Universities and other research institutions

44. Nokia’s Environmental Organization

45. Nokia’s Environmental Organization I
Nokia-Wide Bodies: ensure business group and unit level activities are consistent with environmental policy and efficient co-operation between business groups.
The Nokia Quality Board: is the highest decision-making body in environmental issues. Its members include the Chairman and CEO of Nokia, the President of Nokia and the Presidents of the Business Groups.
Nokia Environmental Management Team prepares proposals to be implemented on a Nokia-wide basis to the Environmental Steering Group.
The Nokia Environmental Steering Group prepares action programs and guidelines for business groups and line organizations
Communications Manager: is responsible for internal and external communication of Nokia-wide environmental issues.

46. Nokia’s Environmental Organization II
Business group and unit level
Environmental work is integrated into normal business activities.
The quality and process organizations act as facilitators in environmental issues and the daily environmental work is carried out in the line organizations.
Each production site has a designated person responsible for the implementation and development of the site's environmental management system.

47. Environmental Management Systems ISO 14000
"That part of the overall management system which includes organizational structure, planning activities, responsibilities, practices, procedures, processes and resources for developing, implementing, achieving, reviewing and maintaining the environmental policy."

48. From Overhead to Integration
Initial Environmental Review followed by regular Environmental Audits
Policy and targets followed by action
Goals upgraded from compliance to regulations to continual improvement

49. Benefits of an EMS Ease of trade Improved internal management methods
Improved compliance with legislative and regulatory requirements
Credibility
Reduction in liability/risk
Regulatory incentives
Sentencing mitigation
Pollution prevention and waste reduction
Profit: cost reduction, new processes and products, image
Improved internal management methods
Reduce pressure from shareholder groups
Reduced pressure from environmentalists
Community goodwill
A high-quality workforce
Insurance costs lowered
Preference in bank loans
Sustainable development

50. Plan
Identify activities that can have environmental impacts and evaluate the impacts;
Determine the need for compliance with legal requirements;
Make an environmental policy;
Determine what type of internal performance criteria is required (by technology, job, etc.);
Establish environmental objectives and targets; and
Develop environmental plans and management program.

51. DO Supply human, physical, and financial resources;
Integrate activities and tasks for EMS objectives;
Establish accountability and responsibility among workforce;
Develop environmental awareness and motivation;
Develop workforce knowledge, skills, and training systems;
Setup system for communication and reporting of environmental measures and other information;
Setup system for EMS documentation;
Develop systems of operational control for equipment;
Establish emergency preparedness and response systems;

52. Check Measuring and monitoring;
Take corrective and preventative action when practices or results fall below standards or targets;
Record performance continually for EMS and ensure adequate management of information;
Perform periodic audits of EMS;

53. Act Analyze results against targets;
Determine cause for non-achievement;
Determine methods of correction;
Suggest further means of improvement;
Modify policy

54. Environmental Management: Relation to Your Project
How does your DfE project support or advance the vision and environmental policies of your company?
How should your DfE project be aligned with or help to create the green organization and EMS of the company?
How can a system for continual improvement of environmental performance (an EMS) help to track the performance of your DfE project?

55. Today’s References
Green Management:
Chapter 5, Organization, operational matters and industrial structure; in Roberts, Peter Environmentally Sustainable Business. London: Paul Chapman Publishing.
Chapter 4 in Welford, Richard and Gouldson, Andrew Environmental Management and Business Strategy. London: Pitman Publishing.