1. http://www.eqstar.org http://www.syracusecoe.org http://www.eqstar.org http://www.syracusecoe.org Task 2B Measurement of Transport in the PME D.R. Marr, I. Spitzer, S. Kaligo M.N. Glauser, H. Higuchi July 26, 2006

2. SAC 07/26-27/06 - 2 Our fit in the COE mission/vision The mission of the Syracuse CoE is: To create innovations in environmental and energy technologies that improve human health and productivity, security, and sustainability in urban and built environments. Our component towards this mission o Velocity database for simulations involving direct impacts on human health o A patent on personal ventilation technology o Research on ventilation controls to improve security in our workplace The vision of the Syracuse CoE is: To earn international recognition for development of knowledge and products in environmental and energy systems for built and urban environments. Our component towards this vision o Multiple international conference talks/papers concerning IAQ knowledge and understanding o Current product research and improvement technologies involving the indoor environment

3. SAC 07/26-27/06 - 3 How are we “Essential to IAQ”? Current, high time/spatial resolution measurement techniques allowing for a high quality database of quantitative velocity data in the indoor environment which would useful both for our Center as well as others in the IAQ community. Motion in the indoor environment addressing both particle resuspension, the personal cloud and entrainment of harmful PM. The use of these tools allow us to identify both problem areas and give us a means of addressing them through a combined effort. The results of this research will tell us the involvement of motion on the exposure in the indoor environment, both from the motion around us and motion already a part of our surroundings. Multiple visits to the EPA headquarters including a presentation on our component of the research give us a fundamental understanding of the goals and desires of the EPA.

4. SAC 07/26-27/06 - 4 Relevance and physical discovery of our Task Relevance of research o New models of particle transport require validation before general use. The combination of flow visualization, Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) and Phased Doppler Particle Analyzer (PDPA) will give us this necessary information. o Research of rotating motion in the indoor environment has, as of yet, to be quantitatively measured. Walking has been measured in various forms, but sinusoidal motions and their effects on the thermal plume are yet to be measured. Physical Discovery o Both determination of particle resuspension (through associated works including the idealized foot), and the entrainment of such particles are essential aspects of the overall IAQ. o How the physics of the flows around us play an important role on health, comfort and ventilation requirements.

5. SAC 07/26-27/06 - 5 Other efforts and the advantages of our Center Current related techniques: o Length scale measurements as given in references below o Low Dimensional Techniques for flow field investigation Current related research: o CFD database measurements using low resolution techniques o Measurements of human rotating for human effects o Starting with the current “state of the art” information and continuing to the next level through incorporation and increased technological advantages References: Wolfshtein, M., Naot, D., and Lin, A.: Models of turbulences, Ben-Gurion University of Negev, Report ME-746, Israel, 1974. Cole,D., Glauser,M.,1998.“Flying hot-wire measurements in an axisym-metric sudden expansion”. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science,18,pp.150–167. Kantha, L.H., 2004. The length scale equation in turbulence models. Nonlinear Process. Geophys. 11: 83–97 T. Russomanol, D.F.G. de Azevedo, L. Piedade, F. S. Glock, M. Tello, M. A. dos Santos, F. P. Falciio, J. L. Giongo. “Development and Validation of an Electrically Controlled Rotatory Chair to be Used as a Simulator for Spatial Disorientation and Motion Sickness.” Proceedings of the 25' Annual International Conference of the IEEE EMBS, Cancun, Mexico September 17-21,2003.

6. SAC 07/26-27/06 - 6 Why this quality database is necessary Such high resolution research is necessary as simulation studies become more detailed. Use of low time/spatial resolution databases will be impossible as computer simulations focus on small scale details (DNS for example) in these complex flows. Validating such simulations with a database of scalar quantities acquired at low frequencies is a poor substitute when considering turbulent structure/time scales. Example: Validating code using a scalar velocity database can give incorrect boundary/initial conditions which will have a significant impact on simulation results.

7. SAC 07/26-27/06 - 7 Details of our component utilizing the IFL Experimental research including Breathing Thermal Manikin Time Resolved PIV Stereo PIV Multiple Traverse Systems PDPA

8. SAC 07/26-27/06 - 8 Collaborators of the research (at and outside of SU) o CFD component for BOTH validation and preparation o Personal Environment for training and troubleshooting o Personal cloud measurements for boundary conditions o Particle resuspension due to walking

9. SAC 07/26-27/06 - 9 What we get from CFD o Initial simulations for design criteria o Information for optimal validation requirements o Suggestions for locations of interest

10. SAC 07/26-27/06 - 10 Example of experimental design topic Information concerning plume rise allowed a proper determination for the ceiling height of the simulated cubicle X ?

11. SAC 07/26-27/06 - 11 Example of experimental design topic (contd.)

12. SAC 07/26-27/06 - 12 Example of experimental design topic (contd.)

13. SAC 07/26-27/06 - 13 What we give to CFD o Experimental results for code validation o Initial conditions to get started

14. SAC 07/26-27/06 - 14 Standing Manikin PIV Setup Averaged breathing waveform

15. SAC 07/26-27/06 - 15 The phase averaged breathing waveform Max. flow rate 1 L/sec. Max velocity at peak 0.2 m/s

16. SAC 07/26-27/06 - 16 Standing Manikin PIV

17. SAC 07/26-27/06 - 17 Standing Manikin PIV

18. SAC 07/26-27/06 - 18 Standing Manikin PIV

19. SAC 07/26-27/06 - 19 Current Setup o 6x8x8 ft. room simulating the average cubicle o Seated, rotating, heated manikin utilizing average breathing waveform

20. SAC 07/26-27/06 - 20 Current Setup Continued work, initial measurements in conjunction with continued CFD collaboration allow us to move forward in the appropriate manner.

21. SAC 07/26-27/06 - 21 Thanks to: o US EPA o NYSTAR (NY State Office of Science, Technology and Academic Research) o Syracuse University Although the research described in this article has been funded wholly or in part by the United States Environmental Protection Agency through cooperative agreement CR 83199201-0, NY STAR Center for Env. Quality Systems/EPA Indoor Environmental Research Program, it has not been subjected to the Agency's required peer and policy review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency and no official endorsement should be inferred.