1. Tarbush, Blackbrush (Flourensia cernua) Strongly aromatic, perennial shrub. May poison sheep, goats and cattle. The toxin is unknown.

2. Smallhead Sneezeweed (Helenium microcephalum) Is an erect, branching, annual herb with alternate, oblong leaves that end in a point. The toxic agent is commonly referred to as dugaldin (helenalin). Sheep are most often poisoned, although goats, cattle and horses also may be susceptible.

3. Winged stems and whole plant

4. Western Bitter weed (Hymenoxys odorata) Erect annual, composite plant growing 3”to 2’. Stems are purplish near the base. Bright yellow flowers-April to June and occasionally in the fall. Bitter taste and distinct odor. Toxic to sheep but is generally unpalatable

5. Rayless Goldenrod, Jimmyweed (Isocoma wrightii) Low-growing half-shrub with erect stems arising from a woody crown to 2-4’. Toxic agent is trematone - can poison all species of livestock

6. Woolly Paperflower (Psilostrophe tagetina) West Texas has two species of paperflower- cudweed paperflower (P. gnaphaloides) Toxic agent is a sesquiterpene lactone.

7. Threadleaf Sartwellia (Sartwellia flaveriae) Bushy, stiff-branched annual of the sunflower family grows from 6” to 2’. Toxic agent is unknown. Poisoning has been demonstrated only in goats.