1. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN  DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY  TYNDALL NATIONAL INSTITUTE Ruzzelli@ucd.ie The Power of Energy Conservation: Achieving Efficiency by Understanding Behaviours Dr. Antonio Ruzzelli csserver.ucd.ie/~aruzzelli/default.htm CLARITY: Centre for Sensor Web Technologies, University College Dublin

2. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN  DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY  TYNDALL NATIONAL INSTITUTE Ruzzelli@ucd.ie UCD OPEN DAY Policies on Climate change 1.The EU is committed to reducing its overall emissions to at least 20% below 1990 levels by 2020, and is ready to scale up this reduction to as much as 30% under a new global climate change agreement 2.Kyoto commitment 37 industrialized countries commit themselves to a reduction of four major greenhouse gases 3.Vision of Future carbon trading where a central authority sets a limit or cap on the amount of a pollutant that can be emitted.

3. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN  DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY  TYNDALL NATIONAL INSTITUTE Ruzzelli@ucd.ie UCD OPEN DAY Building Energy Consumption Buildings consume 40% of total U.S. energy 71% of electricity 54% of natural gas No Single End Use Dominates Building sector has: Largest Energy Use! Fastest growth rate!

4. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN  DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY  TYNDALL NATIONAL INSTITUTE Ruzzelli@ucd.ie UCD OPEN DAY EU Energy Projects within CLARITY EnPROVE: Maximising return of investment (ROI) when investing on energy saving solution FIEMSER: Friendly Intelligent Energy Management System for Existing Residential Building Duration= 3 years;; Starting date: 1 Feb 2010; info: ruzzelli@ucd.ie

5. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN  DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY  TYNDALL NATIONAL INSTITUTE Ruzzelli@ucd.ie Karbon Footprinting Project UCD OPEN DAY Overall Aim Develop IT systems for small to medium scale carbon footprinting reduction. Generate energy consumption awareness by presenting meaningful data to consumers Providing waste management profiles of individuals in home and office environment Deploy the system in about 20 homes around Dublin and get feedback from home owners

6. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN  DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY  TYNDALL NATIONAL INSTITUTE Ruzzelli@ucd.ie UCD OPEN DAY Industry Partnership IRISH SME Founded in 2007, based in Moylish Pk, Limerick, Ireland. Provide end-to-end wireless sensor solutions in areas such as Building Management, wireless Electricity, Water monitoring, Data Centre Monitoring, Temperature Tracking, Street Light Monitoring and Automatic Meter Reading.

7. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN  DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY  TYNDALL NATIONAL INSTITUTE Ruzzelli@ucd.ie UCD OPEN DAY Achievement So Far Data personalization A system to recognize electrical activity in real-time >87% accuracy in a noiseless environment Ongoing experiments in 20 homes

8. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN  DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY  TYNDALL NATIONAL INSTITUTE Ruzzelli@ucd.ie UCD OPEN DAY Achievement So Far Data presentation An user friendly graphical user interface to be placed at home to control appliances and generate energy consumption awareness

9. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN  DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY  TYNDALL NATIONAL INSTITUTE Ruzzelli@ucd.ie UCD OPEN DAY Achievement So Far Energy consumption comparison An online energy dashboard over Google Earth to allow monitoring and comparing energy in private an public building

10. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN  DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY  TYNDALL NATIONAL INSTITUTE Ruzzelli@ucd.ie UCD OPEN DAY Current Energy Monitoring at UCD 1.Processing the online data from the UCD Building and Services department.zip files at UCD Energy Management Unit: http://energy32.ucd.ie/ Socomech Diris A40 meter Incomprehesible data to the public/end users

11. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN  DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY  TYNDALL NATIONAL INSTITUTE Ruzzelli@ucd.ie UCD OPEN DAY Academic Building consumption Do you know how much electricity gas or water is spent at UCD? ESB tariff at UCD: Flat rate of 13.5 C/kW Estimated average cost = 7500*0.135= € 1012.5 daily! Conway institute Average consumption

12. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN  DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY  TYNDALL NATIONAL INSTITUTE Ruzzelli@ucd.ie UCD OPEN DAY Limits on Current Systems Home users hardly know how to: Make sense out of the data How to properly interpret an energy graph What actions to take to reduce the consumption Information is not personalised to individual homes and user needs Energy consumption information is in an abstract form that is hardly understandable by home owners

13. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN  DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY  TYNDALL NATIONAL INSTITUTE Ruzzelli@ucd.ie UCD OPEN DAY A location-based Platform for Global Energy Monitoring

14. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN  DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY  TYNDALL NATIONAL INSTITUTE Ruzzelli@ucd.ie UCD OPEN DAY Real-time data processing

15. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN  DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY  TYNDALL NATIONAL INSTITUTE Ruzzelli@ucd.ie UCD OPEN DAY Overlaid Polyhedron Objects CSI department at UCD

16. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN  DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY  TYNDALL NATIONAL INSTITUTE Ruzzelli@ucd.ie UCD OPEN DAY Real-time Department Energy Ranking Daily, weekly and monthly Ranking system

17. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN  DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY  TYNDALL NATIONAL INSTITUTE Ruzzelli@ucd.ie UCD OPEN DAY CLARITY Energy Landscape

18. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN  DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY  TYNDALL NATIONAL INSTITUTE Ruzzelli@ucd.ie UCD OPEN DAY CLARITY Energy Landscape

19. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN  DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY  TYNDALL NATIONAL INSTITUTE Ruzzelli@ucd.ie UCD OPEN DAY Recognizing Appliances Activity Traditional approach Retrofitting the whole building with remote controlled sockets Cons: Expensive as it requires retrofitting homes with energy measuring unit for each electrical socket Our approach Infer appliance activity by using a single energy monitor connected to the main fuse box It requires to devise a system for intelligent appliance profiling and recognition

20. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN  DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY  TYNDALL NATIONAL INSTITUTE Ruzzelli@ucd.ie UCD OPEN DAY Installation Consumer Unit Miniature Circuit Breakers (MCB) ZEM-30 Energy Monitor 220 V 50hz AC Supply

21. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN  DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY  TYNDALL NATIONAL INSTITUTE Ruzzelli@ucd.ie UCD OPEN DAY Hardware RTO-10 Router Extends communication range of deployed sensors by “hopping” data packets back to NGO-10 Network Gateway NGO-10 Network Gateway Connected to PC via USB connection. Receives data transmissions from deployed sensors and transfers data to EpiSensor Network Management database

22. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN  DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY  TYNDALL NATIONAL INSTITUTE Ruzzelli@ucd.ie UCD OPEN DAY Data Management Data recorded every 10 seconds Data uploaded to CLARITY central server (UCD) every 10 minutes Analysis tools used to extract information from uploaded data

23. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN  DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY  TYNDALL NATIONAL INSTITUTE Ruzzelli@ucd.ie UCD OPEN DAY Home Deployment

24. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN  DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY  TYNDALL NATIONAL INSTITUTE Ruzzelli@ucd.ie UCD OPEN DAY System Intelligence The system uses a neural network to classify data. A neural network is an interconnected group of artificial neurons that uses a mathematical or computational model for information processing

25. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN  DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY  TYNDALL NATIONAL INSTITUTE Ruzzelli@ucd.ie UCD OPEN DAY 1 st phase: One-off appliance profiling To teach the neural network the REAR system need training data set Generation of Appliance Signatures ImageNameType of Appliance Data from the sensor Start recording RecordingAdd aplliance

26. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN  DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY  TYNDALL NATIONAL INSTITUTE Ruzzelli@ucd.ie UCD OPEN DAY Appliance Signature Specifics REAR builds Unique Appliance Signature consisting of 1.Real Power P 2.Power Factor Pf 3.RMS current Irms 4.RMS voltage Vrms 5.Peak current Ip 6.Peak voltage Vp

27. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN  DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY  TYNDALL NATIONAL INSTITUTE Ruzzelli@ucd.ie UCD OPEN DAY Appliance Signature Although a train of data of few minutes is recorded for profiling, the system recognises appliances right at the moment they are turned ON/OFF

28. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN  DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY  TYNDALL NATIONAL INSTITUTE Ruzzelli@ucd.ie UCD OPEN DAY 2 nd phase: Automatic system training Using an intuitive graphical user interface, the user can choose the appliances to be recognised

29. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN  DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY  TYNDALL NATIONAL INSTITUTE Ruzzelli@ucd.ie UCD OPEN DAY Laboratory Testing Testing the efficiency of neural network. Display of neural network data : Fridge Microwave Kettle Heater Real activity : Laboratory appliance activity (‘1’ On, ‘0’ Off) Output of neural net : Direct output of neural network in response to the test file. Filter: Application of a filter to normalize data. >87% accuracy

30. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN  DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY  TYNDALL NATIONAL INSTITUTE Ruzzelli@ucd.ie UCD OPEN DAY 3 nd phase: Intuitive graphical Interface

31. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN  DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY  TYNDALL NATIONAL INSTITUTE Ruzzelli@ucd.ie UCD OPEN DAY

32. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN  DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY  TYNDALL NATIONAL INSTITUTE Ruzzelli@ucd.ie UCD OPEN DAY Why are we doing this? 3 Potential stakeholders: -Consumer  Empower home owners with consumption patterns to save money -Energy provider  inform and incentivize known peak consumption/load balancing feedback - Provide a rich set of data that can inform other applications such as at-home healthcare and ambient-assisted living

33. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN  DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY  TYNDALL NATIONAL INSTITUTE Ruzzelli@ucd.ie UCD OPEN DAY Demonstrations Demonstrators to be shown today: 1.The REAR system for appliance recognition 2.the Graphical user interface and 3.the Energy Landscape platform

34. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN  DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY  TYNDALL NATIONAL INSTITUTE Ruzzelli@ucd.ie UCD OPEN DAY questions Thank you