1. The Reproductive System
Make gametes – egg & sperm
Deliver sperm
Place for gametes to meet - fertilization
Place for the embryo/fetus to grow
Way to get out – delivery
Way to feed the newborn

3. Pelvic diaphragm
Levator ani
coccygeus
piriformis

4. episiotomy

5. Pelvic diaphragm
Testes, scrotum, penis
Ductus (vas) deferens
Urethra (prostatic, membranous, spongy)
Parietal peritoneum
Bladder, rectum
Prostate gland

6. Tunica vaginalis (parietal & visceral layers)
Spermatic cord
ductus deferens
blood vessels
Pampiniform plexus
nerves
Ductus deferens
epididymis
Rete testes
Efferent
ductule
Semitubes – spermatogenesis – ahead one slide – then back
Tunica vaginalis (parietal & visceral layers)
Seminiferous tubules (spermatogenesis)
Tunica albuginea
Pathway of sperm

7. Interstitial (Leydig) cell
hypothalamus
Pituitary gland
FSH & LH
Test.
Interstitial (Leydig) cell
Secrete testosterone
Sustentacular (Sertoli) cell: bind testosterone
Blood – testes barrier

8. Layers of scrotum 3 ways to keep sperm at right temperature
Superficial
Inguinal ring
External spermatic fascia
(internal spermatic fascia)
Cremaster muscle
Pampiniform plexus
Tunica vaginalis
Testes
Covered with TA
Median septum
of scrotum
Dartos muscle
3 ways to keep sperm at right temperature

9. Removed skin and fat (scrotum)
Inguinal canal

10. Spermatic cord covered with spermatic fascia (external, cremaster mm, internal)
Testes covered with tunica albuginea (tunica vaginalis removed)

13. Sperm Facts It takes 74 days for sperm to mature
Young men make 300,000 sperm/minute
or 400 million/day
Avg. sperm count million sperm/mL
Lower than million/mL = infertility
Sperm count has dropped over last 60 years
avg. 113 million/mL in 1940
avg. 66 million/mL today
semen volume has decreased as well

14. Testicular cancer
cancer of the testes
most common in males age 15-35
abnormal mass in testes
good survival rate if found early
Lance Armstrong
1996 – diagnosed with testicular cancer
metastasized to lungs & brain
1997 – clean bill of health
1999 – won 1st Tour de France

15. vasectomy

16. 60% of semen
fructose, fibrinogen & PG’s
Seminal vesicle
Prostate gland
30% of semen
base, clotting enzymes &
fibrinolysin
Bulbourethral
gland
base & lubricant
Dorsal view

17. Internal urethral sphincter
Prostatic
utricle
Ejc. ducts
Spongy urethra
Bulbourethral
glands
Prostatic urethra
Membranous urethra
Pelvic diaphragm
External urethral sphincter

18. Dorsal vein
Dorsal artery
& nerve
Corpus
spongiosum
C.C
C.S
Corpus
cavernosum
prepuce
glans
Urethral orifice
circumcision

20. Parasympathetic NS: vasodilation
Sympathetic NS: peristalsis, sphincter closure &
muscle contraction (200 inches/sec)

21. Parasympathetic nerves
Nitric oxide
cGMP
Dilate vessels + -
Viagra
Alcohol
Drugs
Antidepressants
Appetite suppressors
Vascular problems
Diabetes
Stress