1. Last revised: Nov-15-2005 Library Collaboration and Digital Exploration Presented by Ki Tat LAM, Head of Library Systems and Edward Spodick, IT Manager The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library {lblkt,lbspodic}@ust.hk JUCC 35th Anniversary IT Conference on Campus Informatization: Challenges and Opportunities November 16-18, 2005, Hong Kong

2. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library2 Table of Contents Introduction Introduction HKUST Library’s IT Background HKUST Library’s IT Background Digital Libraries Digital Libraries Library Collaboration Library Collaboration Digital Libraries Explorations at HKUST Digital Libraries Explorations at HKUST Examples of Library Collaboration Examples of Library Collaboration HKIUG Unicode Initiatives HKIUG Unicode Initiatives Resource Pool Web Site – Towards JULAC Software Sharing Resource Pool Web Site – Towards JULAC Software Sharing Future Ideas Future Ideas

3. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library3 About HKUST Library HKUST is a young institution having its first student intake in 1991 HKUST is a young institution having its first student intake in 1991

4. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library4 About HKUST Library HKUST Library Mission HKUST Library Mission To support the University's teaching and research programs To support the University's teaching and research programs To provide for and to promote the general education of HKUST Students To provide for and to promote the general education of HKUST Students To contribute to Hong Kong and its regional development in information sharing and exchange To contribute to Hong Kong and its regional development in information sharing and exchange

5. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library5 IT at HKUST Library The Library has been embracing new technologies since its founding: The Library has been embracing new technologies since its founding: 1991 – rolled out a fully Chinese-capable multilingual integrated library system 1991 – rolled out a fully Chinese-capable multilingual integrated library system 1991 – set up a large-scale campus-wide CD- ROM network 1991 – set up a large-scale campus-wide CD- ROM network 1992 – mounted a large-scale networked full text image jukebox system 1992 – mounted a large-scale networked full text image jukebox system 1993 – helped design and implement a Course Reserve Image System 1993 – helped design and implement a Course Reserve Image System

6. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library6 IT at HKUST Library [2] 1995 – established the Library Web Server 1995 – established the Library Web Server 1997 – managed a regional mirror site for the Ovid database system 1997 – managed a regional mirror site for the Ovid database system 1997 – participated in a consultancy service for the Open University of Hong Kong’s Electronic Library Project 1997 – participated in a consultancy service for the Open University of Hong Kong’s Electronic Library Project 1998 – began digital library projects and developed the following database systems: Digital University Archives, HKUST Electronic Theses and HKUST News Clippings 1998 – began digital library projects and developed the following database systems: Digital University Archives, HKUST Electronic Theses and HKUST News Clippings

7. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library7 IT at HKUST Library [3] 2000 – conducted Wade-Giles to Pinyin Conversion 2000 – conducted Wade-Giles to Pinyin Conversion 2001 – implemented XML-based information infrastructure for future digital library projects 2001 – implemented XML-based information infrastructure for future digital library projects 2002 – developed an XML Name Access Control Repository System as a global prototype 2002 – developed an XML Name Access Control Repository System as a global prototype 2003 – collaborated with HKIUG libraries to improve the Unicode support in the library catalog 2003 – collaborated with HKIUG libraries to improve the Unicode support in the library catalog

8. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library8 IT at HKUST Library [4] 2003 – implemented DSpace for Institutional Repository 2003 – implemented DSpace for Institutional Repository 2004 – implemented DSpace for Digital University Archives 2004 – implemented DSpace for Digital University Archives 2005 – developed the open source JURO – Journal Usage Report Online software 2005 – developed the open source JURO – Journal Usage Report Online software 2005 – created a resource pool web site to host software developed by HKUST Library for open downloading 2005 – created a resource pool web site to host software developed by HKUST Library for open downloading

9. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library9 Digital Libraries Drastic IT advancement in the past few decades: Drastic IT advancement in the past few decades: Increasing availability of technology for information processing Increasing availability of technology for information processing Cheaper and faster hardware Cheaper and faster hardware More capable software More capable software Readily accessible network Readily accessible network Allowing smaller and less well funded libraries to participate in digital exploration Allowing smaller and less well funded libraries to participate in digital exploration

10. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library10 Digital Libraries [2] Similar terms: “digital”, “electronic”, “virtual” libraries Similar terms: “digital”, “electronic”, “virtual” libraries “Personally I think they went a step too far in making the library electronic” [Extracted from: http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue24/cartoon/]

11. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library11 Digital Libraries [3] Three meanings of “digital libraries”: Three meanings of “digital libraries”: 1.Libraries providing: 1.Libraries providing: Access to digital information using a variety of networks, including the Internet; andAccess to digital information using a variety of networks, including the Internet; and Services in an automated environmentServices in an automated environment 2.The result of projects to digitize library materials for network access 2.The result of projects to digitize library materials for network access 3.A discipline which refers to research on the theories and technologies for the building of digital libraries 3.A discipline which refers to research on the theories and technologies for the building of digital libraries [extracted from the authors’ ICADL 2005 presentation]

12. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library12 Digital Libraries [4] Digital Library reflects a fundamental shift in how libraries do what they do, rather than in what they do Digital Library reflects a fundamental shift in how libraries do what they do, rather than in what they do Basic mission of a library to support its user community through enhanced access and services remains the same Basic mission of a library to support its user community through enhanced access and services remains the same Improvements in IT allow greater flexibility in all stages of these processes Improvements in IT allow greater flexibility in all stages of these processes

13. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library13 Library Collaboration With the increase in digital capabilities, more projects which previously relied on large regional or global entities can now be accomplished through local collaboration With the increase in digital capabilities, more projects which previously relied on large regional or global entities can now be accomplished through local collaboration Through the adoption of open-source software, libraries have become empowered with the tools needed to build the infrastructure for these collaborations Through the adoption of open-source software, libraries have become empowered with the tools needed to build the infrastructure for these collaborations

14. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library14 Library Collaboration [2] Why collaboration? Why collaboration? Progressive budget cuts reduce the ability of a library to efficiently respond to new IT developments Progressive budget cuts reduce the ability of a library to efficiently respond to new IT developments Reductions in salary and positions make a library less competitive with the private sector for skilled staff Reductions in salary and positions make a library less competitive with the private sector for skilled staff Growing need for resource-intensive activities in contrast to a library’s stagnant ability to perform them Growing need for resource-intensive activities in contrast to a library’s stagnant ability to perform them

15. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library15 Library Collaboration [3] Librarians have a strong tradition of resource sharing Librarians have a strong tradition of resource sharing JULAC Libraries Collaboration JULAC Libraries Collaboration JULAC White Paper on collaboration to HUCOM early this year JULAC White Paper on collaboration to HUCOM early this year HKALL System for joint universities book borrowing HKALL System for joint universities book borrowing Activities from various JULAC committees and task forces; CDC (Collaborative Development Committee) being the most active one. Activities from various JULAC committees and task forces; CDC (Collaborative Development Committee) being the most active one.

16. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library16 Digital Library Exploration 1994 - potential capability for the Web to become primary gateway to information 1994 - potential capability for the Web to become primary gateway to information Once the web infrastructure and technology were in place, a progression of digital library projects began to take place Once the web infrastructure and technology were in place, a progression of digital library projects began to take place The HKUST Library was suddenly able to provide much more accessible information about its collections, programs and services for our users. The HKUST Library was suddenly able to provide much more accessible information about its collections, programs and services for our users.

17. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library17 Digital Library Development Web technologies Web technologies Web-enabled content and services Web-enabled content and services Mark-up options Mark-up options Searching and harvesting Searching and harvesting XML and its related technologies XML and its related technologies

18. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library18 Digital Library Development [2]

19. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library19 Content Digitization In 1998, after more than four years of experience digitizing materials using the TIFF format for access from dedicated PCs, it was decided to base newer digitization projects on Adobe’s PDF document format with a Web interface. In 1998, after more than four years of experience digitizing materials using the TIFF format for access from dedicated PCs, it was decided to base newer digitization projects on Adobe’s PDF document format with a Web interface. HKUST Theses HKUST Theses Digital University Archives Digital University Archives HKUST-related News Clippings HKUST-related News Clippings

20. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library20 Content Digitization [2] PDF was more portable created smaller files than TIFF, and a freely available multi-platform viewer could be used as a Web browser plug-in. PDF was more portable created smaller files than TIFF, and a freely available multi-platform viewer could be used as a Web browser plug-in. Documents were digitized and hyperlinked to the bibliographic metadata. Documents were digitized and hyperlinked to the bibliographic metadata. Text was extracted from the PDF documents using Acrobat Capture and some Chinese OCR software. Text was extracted from the PDF documents using Acrobat Capture and some Chinese OCR software.

21. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library21 XML Metadata The Library Catalog contains bibliographic metadata for all print, multimedia and electronic resources The Library Catalog contains bibliographic metadata for all print, multimedia and electronic resources Metadata is exported from the Catalog to the database for indexing and display Metadata is exported from the Catalog to the database for indexing and display The HTML format is limited by its lack of metadata options The HTML format is limited by its lack of metadata options eXtensible Markup Language (XML) eXtensible Markup Language (XML)

22. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library22 XML Metadata [2] 2001 - An Electronic Journals database system was developed, using XML technologies to automate the process of metadata extraction from the Catalog 2001 - An Electronic Journals database system was developed, using XML technologies to automate the process of metadata extraction from the Catalog Real-time XML extraction was later available using a special vendor-provided URL Real-time XML extraction was later available using a special vendor-provided URL XSL style sheets were developed to transform the metadata into a format suitable for the Library’s applications XSL style sheets were developed to transform the metadata into a format suitable for the Library’s applications

23. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library23 XML Partially fulfills the old promise of having computers doing more of the work, through the development of more compatible database connectivity, SOAP- based and other Web Services and native XML database systems Partially fulfills the old promise of having computers doing more of the work, through the development of more compatible database connectivity, SOAP- based and other Web Services and native XML database systems A current example is RSS, used by libraries for everything from announcing current service hours to distributing “podcasts” A current example is RSS, used by libraries for everything from announcing current service hours to distributing “podcasts”

24. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library24 XML [2] 2003 - HKUST Library’s first RSS “feeds” for new book and media acquisitions 2003 - HKUST Library’s first RSS “feeds” for new book and media acquisitions A set of standards which greatly simplified collaboration efforts A set of standards which greatly simplified collaboration efforts

25. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library25 Name Access Control In cataloging, the use of names is governed by Authority Control, which ’authorizes’ one form of a name as an access point In cataloging, the use of names is governed by Authority Control, which ’authorizes’ one form of a name as an access point Access Control provides a central place for looking up various forms of a name, allowing the linking of variant forms without declaring any of them to be the authorized form Access Control provides a central place for looking up various forms of a name, allowing the linking of variant forms without declaring any of them to be the authorized form

26. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library26 Name Access Control [2] 2002 - An XML Name Access Control Repository was developed to address the problems identifying personal authors whose names are in non-Latin scripts 2002 - An XML Name Access Control Repository was developed to address the problems identifying personal authors whose names are in non-Latin scriptshttp://library.ust.hk/info/nac/ Global prototype Global prototype Great collaborative potential, but only if the concept is widely adopted and becomes an actual or defacto standard Great collaborative potential, but only if the concept is widely adopted and becomes an actual or defacto standard

27. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library27 Journal Usage Report Online Software to acquire electronic resource usage statistics from vendors, and allow online querying and generation of usage reports Software to acquire electronic resource usage statistics from vendors, and allow online querying and generation of usage reports Using COUNTER-compliant vendor usage data Using COUNTER-compliant vendor usage data Consolidates multiple partially duplicative efforts by different Library units Consolidates multiple partially duplicative efforts by different Library units

28. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library28 Journal Usage Report Online [2] Meets a clearly defined need not yet being met by available software Meets a clearly defined need not yet being met by available software Permits much more accurate analysis for Collection Development and Acquisitions efforts Permits much more accurate analysis for Collection Development and Acquisitions efforts Semi-integrated with the Library Catalog Semi-integrated with the Library Cataloghttp://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/juro.pl

29. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library29 Journal Usage Report Online [3] Enhancements: Enhancements: Local usage statistics for products from vendors who do not provide usage data Local usage statistics for products from vendors who do not provide usage data Periodic surveys of manually compiled print journal usage data Periodic surveys of manually compiled print journal usage data

30. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library30 HKIUG Unicode Initiatives HKIUG – Hong Kong Innovative Users Group HKIUG – Hong Kong Innovative Users Group Originally founded in 1996 by JULAC as a users group to facilitate communication among local libraries in using the INNOPAC library system, which is developed by Innovative Interface Inc. Originally founded in 1996 by JULAC as a users group to facilitate communication among local libraries in using the INNOPAC library system, which is developed by Innovative Interface Inc. Became an independent body in 2001, with membership expanded to include all INNOPAC libraries in Hong Kong and Macau Became an independent body in 2001, with membership expanded to include all INNOPAC libraries in Hong Kong and Macau

31. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library31 HKIUG Unicode Initiatives [2] HKIUG Unicode Initiatives - one of the many successful library collaboration projects in which HKUST Library participated HKIUG Unicode Initiatives - one of the many successful library collaboration projects in which HKUST Library participated Results: Results: Improved Unicode support in members’ library catalog Improved Unicode support in members’ library catalog Vendor gaining better understanding of issues in Chinese information processing Vendor gaining better understanding of issues in Chinese information processing

32. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library32 HKIUG Unicode Initiatives [3] INNOPAC CJK (Chinese, Japanese, Korean) background in 2003 INNOPAC CJK (Chinese, Japanese, Korean) background in 2003 Local libraries were heavily using the BIG5 legacy Chinese character encoding system Local libraries were heavily using the BIG5 legacy Chinese character encoding system INNOPAC adopted EACC (East Asian Character Code) for storing and indexing CJK data; and used an unreliable mapping table to display and search Chinese characters in BIG5 INNOPAC adopted EACC (East Asian Character Code) for storing and indexing CJK data; and used an unreliable mapping table to display and search Chinese characters in BIG5

33. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library33 HKIUG Unicode Initiatives [4] INNOPAC was in the transition towards Unicode support, with the development of the Millennium software INNOPAC was in the transition towards Unicode support, with the development of the Millennium software CJK support in the Millennium software was immature and buggy CJK support in the Millennium software was immature and buggy Vendor did not understand the actual CJK needs and requirements Vendor did not understand the actual CJK needs and requirements The EACC to Unicode mapping table was inaccurate and failed to handle multi- mappings, resulting in incorrect display, retrieval and storage of CJK data. The EACC to Unicode mapping table was inaccurate and failed to handle multi- mappings, resulting in incorrect display, retrieval and storage of CJK data.

34. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library34 HKIUG Unicode Initiatives [5] An example of multi-mappings An example of multi-mappings EACCUnicode 27462A 历 (Simplified form of 歷 ) U+5386 历 274349 历 (Simplified form of 曆 )

35. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library35 HKIUG Unicode Initiatives [6] Multi-mapping causing failure of round-trip cross-walk Multi-mapping causing failure of round-trip cross-walk Retrieve 27462A 历 (Simplified form of 歷 ) Mapping Table One-to-many Obtain 27462A ? or 274349 ? (Simplified form of 歷 ? or 曆 ?) Save U+5386 历 Mapping Table Many-to-one Obtain U+5386 历 EACC-based Database Unicode-based Editor

36. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library36 HKIUG Unicode Initiatives [7] TSVCC Linking Problem TSVCC Linking Problem Linking Traditional, Simplified and Variant Chinese Characters Linking Traditional, Simplified and Variant Chinese Characters For example, when searching as the simplified form of, it is desirable to retrieve both, but not For example, when searching 系 as the simplified form of 係, it is desirable to retrieve both, but not 繫. 系 (U+7CFB) 繫 (U+7E6B) 係 (U+4FC2) related

37. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library37 HKIUG Unicode Initiatives [8] Individual efforts to resolve these problems – not working Individual efforts to resolve these problems – not working Individual libraries communicated with the vendor – fixes were in piece-meal fashion Individual libraries communicated with the vendor – fixes were in piece-meal fashion Some libraries conducted their own CJK/Unicode study with attempts to propose to the vendor how to tackle these problems – again without much progress Some libraries conducted their own CJK/Unicode study with attempts to propose to the vendor how to tackle these problems – again without much progress HKUST (April 2003)HKUST (April 2003) City University of Hong Kong (July 2003)City University of Hong Kong (July 2003)

38. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library38 HKIUG Unicode Initiatives [9] Collaborative effort at HKIUG followed Collaborative effort at HKIUG followed 20 June 2003 – HKIUG Standing Committee met and agreed that a joint proposal was essential for gaining acceptance from the vendor 20 June 2003 – HKIUG Standing Committee met and agreed that a joint proposal was essential for gaining acceptance from the vendor 11 July 2003 – A seminar was organized by CUHK to solicit ideas and comments from HKIUG colleagues 11 July 2003 – A seminar was organized by CUHK to solicit ideas and comments from HKIUG colleagues

39. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library39 HKIUG Unicode Initiatives [10] June-September 2003 – established a working group to study and develop a joint proposal to the vendor. Members consisted of catalogers and systems librarians from CITYU, CUHK, HKUST and HKU. June-September 2003 – established a working group to study and develop a joint proposal to the vendor. Members consisted of catalogers and systems librarians from CITYU, CUHK, HKUST and HKU. 16 September 2003 – working group completed the study and submitted the proposal to the vendor together with a HKIUG version of the EACC/Unicode Mapping Table 16 September 2003 – working group completed the study and submitted the proposal to the vendor together with a HKIUG version of the EACC/Unicode Mapping Table October 2003 – vendor accepted the proposal October 2003 – vendor accepted the proposal

40. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library40 HKIUG Unicode Initiatives [11] November 2003 – the HKIUG code table was first implemented at HKUST as a pilot test and subsequently at other HKIUG libraries November 2003 – the HKIUG code table was first implemented at HKUST as a pilot test and subsequently at other HKIUG libraries 27-28 January 2004 – K.T. Lam of HKUST was invited to the vendor’s Headquarters to work with its staff on resolving outstanding CJK issues – a face-to-face opportunity to express HKIUG libraries’ concerns and to make them understanding the issues. Results: 27-28 January 2004 – K.T. Lam of HKUST was invited to the vendor’s Headquarters to work with its staff on resolving outstanding CJK issues – a face-to-face opportunity to express HKIUG libraries’ concerns and to make them understanding the issues. Results: Multi-mapping problem in Editor – fixedMulti-mapping problem in Editor – fixed TSVCC Linking – began developmentTSVCC Linking – began development

41. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library41 HKIUG Unicode Initiatives [12] 23 October 2004 – HKUST created the TSVCC linking tables and submitted to the vendor for testing 23 October 2004 – HKUST created the TSVCC linking tables and submitted to the vendor for testing 30 November 2004 - the TSVCC tables were endorsed by HKIUG with more enhancements 30 November 2004 - the TSVCC tables were endorsed by HKIUG with more enhancements 25 February 2005 – established HKIUG Unicode Task Force to maintain the Unicode and TSVCC code tables and to assist the vendor on Unicode migration; members from CUHK, CITYU, HKUST and HKU. 25 February 2005 – established HKIUG Unicode Task Force to maintain the Unicode and TSVCC code tables and to assist the vendor on Unicode migration; members from CUHK, CITYU, HKUST and HKU.

42. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library42 HKIUG Unicode Initiatives [13] Lessons learnt: Lessons learnt: Vendors are more comfortable and responsive to work with collaborative groups than individuals Vendors are more comfortable and responsive to work with collaborative groups than individuals Joint effort increases productivity and reduces redundancy Joint effort increases productivity and reduces redundancy Deliverables produced in collaborative effort are more authoritative and attractive for adoption by others Deliverables produced in collaborative effort are more authoritative and attractive for adoption by others

43. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library43 Shared Resource Pool HKUST Library is organizing a Website to host software packages developed and/or modified by the Library HKUST Library is organizing a Website to host software packages developed and/or modified by the Libraryhttp://library.ust.hk/software/ They are freely available for downloading by any interested parties They are freely available for downloading by any interested parties Open source codes are provided wherever possible Open source codes are provided wherever possible

44. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library44 Shared Resource Pool [2] We believe that it is highly beneficial that libraries which develop non-commercial software tools which might prove useful to other institutions make their efforts available to the larger Community of Libraries. We believe that it is highly beneficial that libraries which develop non-commercial software tools which might prove useful to other institutions make their efforts available to the larger Community of Libraries.

45. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library45 Shared Resource Pool [3] The Open Source Software Movement The Open Source Software Movement What is open source software? What is open source software? “The basic idea behind open source is very simple: When programmers can read, redistribute, and modify the source code for a piece of software, the software evolves. People improve it, people adapt it, people fix bugs. And this can happen at a speed that, if one is used to the slow pace of conventional software development, seems astonishing.”“The basic idea behind open source is very simple: When programmers can read, redistribute, and modify the source code for a piece of software, the software evolves. People improve it, people adapt it, people fix bugs. And this can happen at a speed that, if one is used to the slow pace of conventional software development, seems astonishing.”http://www.opensource.org/ Free RedistributionFree Redistribution Source CodeSource Code Derived WorksDerived Works

46. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library46 Shared Resource Pool [4] The Open Source Software Movement The Open Source Software Movement Customize, inspect, secure, repurpose, etc. Customize, inspect, secure, repurpose, etc. Required customization would not have been possible with closed-source softwareRequired customization would not have been possible with closed-source software Example: adding the ability to search and display only authorized documents in the Digital University Archives based on each individual user’s identityExample: adding the ability to search and display only authorized documents in the Digital University Archives based on each individual user’s identity

47. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library47 Shared Resource Pool [5] The Open Source Software Movement The Open Source Software Movement We use open source software extensively, such as… We use open source software extensively, such as… LAMP: GNU/Linux, Apache, MySql, PHPLAMP: GNU/Linux, Apache, MySql, PHP Two of our digital library projects use DSpaceTwo of our digital library projects use DSpace Meeting Room Booking System (MRBS)Meeting Room Booking System (MRBS) Statistics programs (Analog, AWstats, etc.)Statistics programs (Analog, AWstats, etc.) Sleepycat Berkeley DB XMLSleepycat Berkeley DB XML … we could keep going for several screens…we could keep going for several screens…

48. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library48 Shared Resource Pool [6] Available packages on the Resource Pool website: Available packages on the Resource Pool website: Pinyin Conversion Project Pinyin Conversion Project University Archives EAD XSLT University Archives EAD XSLT Room Booking System Room Booking System Library Catalog Print2Mail Project Library Catalog Print2Mail Project JURO: Journal Usage Report Online JURO: Journal Usage Report Online

49. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library49 Shared Resource Pool [7] Wade-Giles -> Pinyin Conversion Project Wade-Giles -> Pinyin Conversion Project Example of indirect collaboration Example of indirect collaboration Feedback: Feedback: “When using the Text2Marc programme to turn the reviewed files back to MARC format, we found that if the 008 tag ended in a blank, it was truncated to the last non-blank character. This would generally be the end of the language code in 008/35-37, resulting in some 008 tags that were 2 bytes too short” “When using the Text2Marc programme to turn the reviewed files back to MARC format, we found that if the 008 tag ended in a blank, it was truncated to the last non-blank character. This would generally be the end of the language code in 008/35-37, resulting in some 008 tags that were 2 bytes too short” – McGill University

50. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library50 Future Ideas Expanding the Shared Resource Pool to host JULAC downloadable software Expanding the Shared Resource Pool to host JULAC downloadable software Site-specific customization Site-specific customization Reducing redundant efforts Reducing redundant efforts Distributed input yields improved software quality Distributed input yields improved software quality A good project for JULAC Libraries’ Collaboration A good project for JULAC Libraries’ Collaboration

51. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library51 Future Ideas [2] Joint LDAP attribute definitions for cross- institutional authorization tokens Joint LDAP attribute definitions for cross- institutional authorization tokens Example: cross-institutional students needing access to resources assigned by their Professor - so authorizations are needed for required resources from both institutions Example: cross-institutional students needing access to resources assigned by their Professor - so authorizations are needed for required resources from both institutions Possibly in collaboration with JUCC via the Internet2 Project Possibly in collaboration with JUCC via the Internet2 Project

52. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library52 Conclusion Expansions in information technology have opened up many new vistas of information and service provision. Expansions in information technology have opened up many new vistas of information and service provision. Possibilities continue to be enormous, limited more by the inability to find time to explore them than by fiscal constraints. Possibilities continue to be enormous, limited more by the inability to find time to explore them than by fiscal constraints. These are exciting times to be a Librarian! These are exciting times to be a Librarian!

53. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library53 Closing Thoughts Set aside some time to simply think about new options and technologies, and ponder how to relate them to solving identified local needs Set aside some time to simply think about new options and technologies, and ponder how to relate them to solving identified local needs Collaborate for the traditional library roles: Collaborate for the traditional library roles: providing access to needed information providing access to needed information providing services to support that access providing services to support that access improving users’ ability to utilize the information obtained improving users’ ability to utilize the information obtained

54. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Library54 Questions & Answers