1. PRESENTATION VS. PUBLIC SPEAKING  When will you need to present your self?  Isa Engleberg  The Apprentice

2. Public Speaking Organization and Support

3. Structuring the Speech (Review)  Working outline  Formal outline  Speaking notes

4. Principles of Outlining  Format I. Main point (Roman numeral) A.Subpoint (capital letter) 1. Sub-subpoint (standard number) a. Sub-subsubpoint (lowercase letter)  Divide main points and subpoints  Never a “I” without a “II”, ect.  Parallel wording  Main points should be worded in a similar manner

5. Review questions  What are the seven types of organization patterns we talked about Thursday?  What are the four functions of an introduction?

6. Beginning and Ending the Speech, cont,  The conclusion  Review speech  Don’t end abruptly  Don’t ramble  Don’t introduce new points  Don’t apologize

7. Supporting Material  Functions  To clarify  To make interesting  To make memorable  To prove

8. Supporting Material, cont.  Types of supporting material  Definitions  Examples; real or hypothetical  Statistics  Analogies/ Comparison-contrast  Anecdotes  Quotation/ Testimony (authoritative support)

9. Narration vs. Citation  Narration: telling a story Persuasive power of narrative  -Fisher: we are storytelling creatures  Citation: a statement of facts

10. Presentation Aids  devises used in a speech to illustrate or emphasize important ideas, or hard to understand concepts - research shows the audience remembers 10% more of the information presented when aids are used. Presenters who used computer generated visual aids were 43% more persuasive. (Engleburg, 2005, p.373)  Aids are just that, aids, not crutches or your entire presentation.  -good question to ask: could I do my presentation with out my aids?  Types of aids  Can engage all the senses – sight, touch, hearing, taste, smell. -visual aids

11.  Rules for visual aids use  Simplicity  Size  Attractiveness  Appropriateness  Reliability  7x 7 rule ~look at examples~