1. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide Presentation prepared by Christine L. Case Microbiology B.E Pruitt & Jane J. Stein AN INTRODUCTION EIGHTH EDITION TORTORA FUNKE CASE Chapter 25, part B Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System

2. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Occurs as traveler's diarrhea and epidemic diarrhea in nurseries 50% of feedlot cattle may have enterohemorrhagic strains in their intestines Enterohemorrhagic strains such as E. coli O157:H7 produce Shiga toxin O = cell wall antigen H = flagellar antigen Escherichia coli Gastroenteritis

3. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Campylobacter jejuni Usually transmitted in cow's milk Campylobacter Gastroenteritis

4. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Helicobacter Peptic ulcer disease Treated with antibiotics H. pylori causes stomach cancer Figure 11.11

5. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Helicobacter Peptic ulcer disease Figure 25.13

6. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Y. enterocolitica and Y. pseudotuberculosis Can reproduce at 4°C Usually transmitted in meat and milk Yersinia Gastroenteritis

7. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Grow in intestinal tract producing exotoxin Clostridium perfringens Gastroenteritis

8. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Ingestion of bacterial exotoxin produces mild symptoms Bacillus cereus Gastroenteritis

9. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Mumps Figure 25.14 Mumps virus Enters through respiratory tract Infects parotid glands Prevented with MMR vaccine

10. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Inflammation of the liver Hepatitis may result from drug or chemical toxicity, EB virus, CMV, or the Hepatitis viruses Hepatitis

11. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Hepatitis Table 25.1 TransmissionCausative agentChronic liver disease Vaccine Hepatitis AFecal-oralPicornaviridaeNoInactivated virus Hepatitis BParenteral, STDHepadnaviridaeYesRecombinant Hepatitis CParenteralFiloviridaeYesNo Hepatitis DPareteral, HBV coinfection DeltaviridaeYesHBV vaccine Hepatitis EFecal-oralCaliciviridaeNo

12. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Hepatitis B Virus Figure 25.15

13. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Viral Gastroenteritis Rotavirus 3 million cases annually 1-2 day incubation, 1 week illness Norovirus 50% of U.S. adults have antibodies 1-2 day incubation. 1-3 day illness Treated with rehydration Figure 25.17

14. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Mycotoxins are produced by some fungi: Claviceps purpurea Grows on grains Produces ergot Toxin restricts blood flow to limbs; causes hallucination Aspergillus flavus Grows on grains Produces aflatoxin Toxin causes liver damage; liver cancer Mycotoxins

15. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Giardiasis Figure 25.18 Giardia lamblia Transmitted by contaminated water Diagnosed by microscopic examination of stool for ova and trophozoite Treated with metronidazole

16. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Cryptosporidiosis Figure 25.19 Cryptosporidium parvum Transmitted by oocysts in contaminated water Diagnosed by acid-fast staining of stool or presence of antibodies by FA or ELISA Treated with oral rehydration

17. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Cyclospora cayetanensis Transmitted by oocysts in contaminated water Diagnosed by microscopic examination for oocysts Treated with trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole Cyclospora Diarrheal Infection

18. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Amoebic Dysentery Entamoeba histolytica Amoeba feeds on RBCs and GI tract tissues Diagnosis by observing trophozoites in feces Treated with metronidazole

19. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Amoebic Dysentery Figure 25.20

20. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Amoebic Dysentery Figure 12.18b