1. EPRI Activities in Electric Transportation November 11, 2009 Don Von Dollen Acher Mosse

2. 2 © 2009 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 7 Major Automaker Production Plans Current Status 2014 20092010201120122013 Market Launch Chevy Volt Market Launch Leaf EV Market Launch PHEV SUV Transit Connect EV Focus EV Production PHEV Production EV for U.S. Unconfirmed Plans For EV, PHEV Expected Launch PHEV, EV EVs on the road today

3. 3 © 2009 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 7 Plug-In Vehicles Enter Market in Late 2010 What is the Near-Term Achievable Market Penetration? Market penetration grows as vehicle production numbers increase, new models are introduced, and economies of scale drive down prices 2009201020112012201320142015Total BEV 5005,80031,85073,96797,500126,550181,800517,967 PHEV 15025025,000167,100196,700238,000316,000943,200 Source: Southern California Edison

4. 4 © 2009 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 7 FOA-28 – Emphasis on PHEV and EV Demonstrations Advanced Vehicle Electrification + Transportation Sector Electrification Electric Transportation Eng. Corp. (ETEC) $99.8 ETEC and its partner Nissan will demonstrate up to 5,000 Nissan electric vehicles with a 100 mile range and deploy up to 12,500 Level 2 and 250 Level 3 chargers. Chrysler LLC$70.0 Develop, validate, and deploy 220 advanced plug-in hybrid electric pickups and minivans. South Coast AQMD (EPRI, Eaton, Altec, Ford, SCE, Utilities) $45.4 Develop a fully integrated, production plug-in hybrid system for Class 2 – 5 vehicles (8,501 – 19,500 lbs gross vehicle weight). Demonstrate a fleet of 378 trucks and shuttle buses. General Motors$30.5 Develop, analyze, and demonstrate hundreds of Chevrolet Volt Extended Range Electric Vehicles (EREVs) --125 Volt PHEVs for electric utilities and 500 Volt PHEVs to consumers. Ford Motor Company$30.0 Accelerate the launch and commercialization of PHEVs and EVs by partnering with 15 of America's leading utilities. Deploy up to 150 plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, including 130 Ford Escape PHEVs and 20 Ford E450 Van PHEVs.

5. 5 © 2009 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 7 A Few Comments on FOA-28 Awards Emphasis on demonstration over development Mix of EV and PHEV technologies Mix of passenger and commercial vehicles

6. 6 © 2009 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 7 PHEV Trouble Truck Program (Prior to Recovery Act Award) Objective – Migrate PHEV to Medium Duty Vehicles $6 million program Eight prototype vehicles entering utility test fleets Grid-connected –15 kWh Li Ion system –Level 1/2 recharge (120/240) –5 kW export power –Develop ZEV driving capability, electric accessories Other applications include shuttle vans, work truck, pickup

7. 7 © 2009 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 7 PHEV Medium Duty Demonstration Program Details Expand existing PHEV Trouble Truck Program to 378 vehicles –50+ fleets –Ford F550 Trouble Truck, pickups, shuttle vans $45.4M award (SCAQMD), $90M total program –$5M CEC cost share –$30M+ utility cost share Set up production facilities –Key suppliers are all U.S. companies –Fleet build and delivery by Q2- 2011

8. 8 © 2009 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 7 Brazilian Fuel Cell Bus Project

9. 9 © 2009 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 7 CONSORTIUM Ministry of Mines and Energy Brazilian Fuel Cell Bus Project

10. 10 © 2009 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 7 Brazilian Fuel Cell Bus Project

11. 11 © 2009 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 7 Brazilian Fuel Cell Bus Project

12. 12 © 2009 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. Every vehicle able to use every charge point Residential – majority of units –Seamless installations for homeowners a primary concern of Auto OEMs –Permits, electricians, inspections –Rates and customer programs Workplace Public Charging – as needed –Retail, private, public space –Open access Interoperable and Intelligent Residential Workplace Public The ‘Charging Pyramid’

13. 13 © 2009 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. EPRI PHEV Distribution System Impacts – Modeling/Simulation Analytical Framework Flexibility in Model Development High-fidelity distribution feeder models Spatial and temporal variation of circuit loads and PHEV Loads Dynamic simulation of full electrical model serving PHEV loads through annual load cycle Residential transformers are the first assets significantly impacted

14. 14 © 2009 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. Role of National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) on Smart Grid Standards In cooperation with the DoE, NEMA, IEEE, GWAC, and other stakeholders, NIST has “primary responsibility to coordinate development of a framework that includes protocols and model standards for information management to achieve interoperability of smart grid devices and systems…” Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) of 2007 Title XIII, Section 1305 Smart Grid Interoperability Framework 14

15. 15 © 2009 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. Standard Gap Assessment - Priority Action Plans #Priority Action Plan 1 Internet Protocol (IP) for the Smart Grid 2 Wireless Communications for the Smart Grid 3Common Pricing Model 4 Common Scheduling Mechanism 5 Standard Meter Data Profiles 6 Common Semantic Model for Meter Data Tables 7 Electric Storage Interconnection Guidelines 8CIM for Distribution Grid Management 9 Standard Demand Response Signals 10 Standard Energy Usage Information 11 Common Object Models for Electric Transportation 12IEC 61850 Objects/DNP3 Mapping 13 Time Synchronization, IEC 61850 Objects/IEEE C37.118 Harmonization 14 Transmission and Distribution Power Systems Model Mapping Action Plan Covers Transmission, Distribution, and Consumer Domain

16. 16 © 2009 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 7 X/HP EVSEEVSE HAN Gateway 802.15.4 (ZigBee), IEEE 1901 (HomePlug 1.0) AMI Meter ANSI C12 802.15.4 (ZigBee) IEEE 1901 (HomePlug 1.0) Residential Customer Subdivision Access Point Head End Meter Data Management System 900MHz (RF) Itron (Layer 1-2 802.15.4) SilverSpring IPV6 w/ DP Wireless Mesh Network Backhaul WiMax 802.16 D/E GPRS (LTE) TCP/IP PLC Substation PLC Substation Control Center T&D Automation Network EMS/SCADA IEC 61850 IP Fiber CIM IEC 61970 IEC 61968 IEEE 1901 SAE J2836 / J2847 Internet Energy Services Company (ESCO) Aggregator e.g., ComVerge CoAx / Fiber TCP/IP Fiber TCP/IP Fiber TCP/IP PEVs in the Smart Grid Ecosystem

17. 17 © 2009 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. In the End – Standards Efforts are Critical Infrastructure Working Council – Stakeholder Organization for Collaboration on Standards EPRI IWC SAEIEEEOthersNECIEC Society of Automotive Engineers - J1772 (Connector) - J2836 (Communications) Infrastructure Working Council - Utility-funded stakeholder group - Identify and address needs for codes and standards - Not a standards body Inst of Elec and Elect Engineers - 1547 (Interconnecting DR) Intl Electrotechnical Comm - TC69 (Charge Infrastructure) - SC23 (Connectors) National Electric Code - NEC625 (EV Charging Systems) ANSI, UL, etc.