1. Movement part 2

2. Cerebellum and Brainstem KW p. 363

3. Cerebellum KW 10-20 Inputs: proprioceptors and balance sense Outputs: motor pathways

4. Cerebellum Functions habit formation timing attention coordination of movements

5. Prism Vision and the cerebellum 1 KW 10-21

6. Prism Vision and the cerebellum 2 KW 10-21

7. Feedback to Cerebellum KW 10-22 Inferior olive is area in brain stem opposite cerebellum

8. Basal Ganglia KW 10-18

9. Pathways to Basal Ganglia KW 10-19 Basal Ganglia

10. Connections from the substantia nigra: (a) normal and (b) in Parkinson’s disease Excitatory paths are shown in green; inhibitory are in red. People with Parkinson’s disease show decreased initiation of movement, slow and inaccurate movement, and psychological depression.

11. Parkinson’s Disease Symptoms-rigidity, muscle tremors, slow movement, difficulty initiating movement Brain Changes-Selective loss of cells in substantia nigra and amygdala/decrease in dopamine Possible Causes genetics exposure to toxins (MPTP)

12. Parkinson’s Disease L-Dopa Treatment precursor for dopamine demonstrates individual effectiveness does not stop progression of the disease numerous side effects (nausea, restlessness, sleep problems, low blood pressure, hallucinations, and delusions) Therapies Other Than L-Dopa Pallidotomy Cell transplants Deep brain stimulation

13. Connections from the substantia nigra: (a) normal and (b) in Parkinson’s disease Excitatory paths are shown in green; inhibitory are in red. People with Parkinson’s disease show decreased initiation of movement, slow and inaccurate movement, and psychological depression.

14. Pathways to Basal Ganglia KW 10-19 Basal Ganglia