1. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide Presentation prepared by Christine L. Case Microbiology B.E Pruitt & Jane J. Stein AN INTRODUCTION EIGHTH EDITION TORTORA FUNKE CASE Chapter 24, part A Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System

2. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Microbial Diseases of the Upper Respiratory System Laryngitis: S. pneumoniae, S. pyogenes, viruses Tonsillitis: S. pneumoniae, S. pyogenes, viruses Sinusitis: Bacteria Epiglottitis: H. influenzae

3. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Upper respiratory normal microbiota may include pathogens Upper Respiratory System Figure 24.1

4. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Streptococcal pharyngitis (Strep throat) Figure 24.3 Streptococcus pyogenes Resistant to phagocytosis Streptokinases lyse clots Streptolysins are cytotoxic Diagnosis by indirect agglutination

5. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Streptococcus pyogenes Pharyngitis Erythrogenic toxin produced by lysogenized S. pyogenes Scarlet Fever Figure 24.4

6. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Corynebacterium diphtheriae: Gram-positive rod Diphtheria membrane of fibrin, dead tissue, and bacteria Diphtheria toxin produced by lysogenized C. diphtheriae Prevented by DTaP and Td vaccine (Diphtheria toxoid) Cutaneous diphtheria: Infected skin wound leads to slow healing ulcer Diphtheria

7. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 24.6 Diphtheria

8. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Otitis Media S. pneumoniae (35%) H. influenzae (20-30%) M. catarrhalis (10-15%) S. pyogenes (8-10%) S. aureus (1-2%) Treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics Incidence of S. pneumoniae reduced by vaccine

9. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Otitis Media Figure 25.7

10. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Rhinoviruses (50%) Coronaviruses (15-20%) Rhinoviruses attached to ICAN-1 on nasal mucosa Common cold

11. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Bacteria, viruses, & fungi cause: Bronchitis Bronchiolitis Pneumonia Microbial Diseases of the Lower Respiratory System

12. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Lower Respiratory System The ciliary escalator keeps the lower respiratory system sterile. Figure 24.2

13. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Pertussis (Whooping Cough) Figure 24.8 Bordetella pertussis: Gram-negative coccobacillus Capsule Tracheal cytotoxin of cell wall damaged ciliated cells Pertussis toxin Prevented by DTaP vaccine (acellular Pertussis cell fragments)

14. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Stage 1: Catarrhal stage, like common cold Stage 2: Paroxysmal stage: Violent coughing sieges Stage 3: Convalescence stage Pertussis (Whooping Cough)