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Una DooneyMultimediaSlide 1 What is Multimedia? A combination of different media types such as text, graphics, audio, video and animation etc in a single.

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Presentation on theme: "Una DooneyMultimediaSlide 1 What is Multimedia? A combination of different media types such as text, graphics, audio, video and animation etc in a single."— Presentation transcript:

1 Una DooneyMultimediaSlide 1 What is Multimedia? A combination of different media types such as text, graphics, audio, video and animation etc in a single application package Integration of what were previously considered separate methods of communication –A multimedia application combines at least 3 of the media types mentioned above

2 Una DooneyMultimediaSlide 2 What is Multimedia used for? To create an engaging learning environment To better communicate a message To make applications more interesting, interactive and effective

3 Una DooneyMultimediaSlide 3 Why Use Multimedia? Studies have shown that as learners –Listen they recall 25% of the material they hear –Hear and see they will remember 50% –And learners who hear, see, and interact with the material during the learning process will remember 75% of the material

4 Una DooneyMultimediaSlide 4 In Education Multimedia training allows learners to take greater control of their own learning process Learners can move through courseware content at their own pace Student can retrace his/her steps

5 Una DooneyMultimediaSlide 5 Communication Technology allows us to combine media to communicate a message By combining media it is easier to deliver the message

6 Una DooneyMultimediaSlide 6 Advantages By using multimedia in your applications you can produce applications that are: –More Efficient –More Direct –Interactive

7 Una DooneyMultimediaSlide 7 More Efficient You can replace information you read with information you can see and hear, such as a video clip This might convey the message in a more efficient manner Can access people who otherwise could not hear or see the message

8 Una DooneyMultimediaSlide 8 Direct You can deliver information using the best medium Example: A language-teaching application that plays a native speaker’s voice to demonstrate pronunciation

9 Una DooneyMultimediaSlide 9 Interactive It is easier to get user interaction with pictures and sounds than with plain text only Users are drawn to objects on the page/screen other than text If the application uses hypertext, users do not have to follow a single path but can choose which path to take

10 Una DooneyMultimediaSlide 10 The Elements of Multimedia Text Graphics Sound Video Animation

11 Una DooneyMultimediaSlide 11 Text Text often shapes the content of a multimedia application Different text formats depend on how the text was created Some formats are *.doc, *.txt and *.rtf Text is easy to handle and store and does not take up a lot of storage space Text files are created using a word processor

12 Una DooneyMultimediaSlide 12 Graphics Add visual appeal to an application May express an idea more clearly Two main types –Bitmapped –Vector

13 Una DooneyMultimediaSlide 13 Graphics - considerations Grapahics require a lot of storage space and RAM to work with There are many file formats: *.bmp *.pic *.gif *.tif *.jpg to name a few Needs a graphics application to create and edit pictures Display differently depending on the monitor resolution and colour settings of the computer

14 Una DooneyMultimediaSlide 14 Graphics – Considerations The resolution –the number of pixels stored per inch of the image size The colour bit-depth –the number of colours stored for each pixel within the image Each of these directly affect the file size of the stored image and its quality when displayed on screen or printed

15 Una DooneyMultimediaSlide 15 Sound Speech, sound effects or music Can be used to complement text or to add a mood or emphasis Sound has to be captured and digitized This is done using a microphone to record voice or music and edited using sound-editing software

16 Una DooneyMultimediaSlide 16 Sound Can be recorded or synthesized Sound qualities –Mono – single channel –Stereo – 2 channels of amplification –Quadraphonic – 4 channels –Surround – 4-6 channels Graphic representation of a sound wave

17 Una DooneyMultimediaSlide 17 Sound - considerations Quality v storage requirements Sample Rate – this is the number of samples taken of the sound per second The more samples the better the quality but the larger the file. CD-quality is 44,100 samples per second (44.1 KHz)

18 Una DooneyMultimediaSlide 18 Sound - considerations Bit-depth or sample resolution – the amount of information that is stored about each sound sample –8-bit gives mono sound –16-bit gives mono or stereo Channels – 1-channel is mono, 2-channel is stereo etc File formats are *.wav *.au and *.snd or *mid (for synthesized sound) and others

19 Una DooneyMultimediaSlide 19 Video Made up of frames which are like still pictures or photos A few seconds of video may have hundreds of frames Need a video-editing application ie Adobe Premier

20 Una DooneyMultimediaSlide 20 Video – considerations - Storage Most video needs compression because of the size of the original recordings Roughly 5 mins of video will need 1GByte of storage space before it is compressed A video is no more than an array of still images synchronized with a sound file

21 Una DooneyMultimediaSlide 21 Video - considerations - File Size Video size on disk and in memory depends on –video playback window size [Frame Size] –the frame rate (how many frames are played back each second) –the audio sample rate –type of compression used Common file formats are *.avi *.mov and *.mpg

22 Una DooneyMultimediaSlide 22 Video – considerations Frames per second is an important factor –If the frame rate is too slow the video will look like a slide show –TV quality 30 fps –Cinema quality is 24 fps –Web quality 10-15 fps Video applications will need a plug-in application to play on your computer screen (Windows Media Player or QuickTime)

23 Una DooneyMultimediaSlide 23 Animation Animation is "active graphics" It is really a type of video Common "pure" digital animation file formats include *.FLC and *.FLI Many of the concerns of video also apply to animation ie size

24 Una DooneyMultimediaSlide 24 Hardware Required A multimedia PC consists of these basic components A fast, powerful PC, a CD-ROM or DVD drive, an audio board, an operating system that can handle multimedia, a set of speakers or headphones for audio output and a microphone for recording sound (digitising) and a video-capture board for video input

25 Una DooneyMultimediaSlide 25 You will also need Lots of hard disk storage and lots of RAM memory. A CD or DVD writer is now almost a necessity and is becoming standard with many new PCs

26 Una DooneyMultimediaSlide 26 Software Requirements Software associated with each of the multimedia elements such as: –Flash for animations –PhotoShop or other graphics software for graphics creating and editing –Video and sound editing software ie Adobe Premiere –Compression software to make files smaller –Plug-in software – QuickTime, Media Player

27 Una DooneyMultimediaSlide 27 Bringing it All Together To put your multimedia application together you need a multimedia authoring package to assemble the files into a single application ie Macromedia Director You will also need an optical storage medium such as CD or DVD Some applications such as PowerPoint allow you to incorporate multimedia objects into a presentation but are not true authoring packages


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