1. Figure 3.25 Distinguishing Characteristics of DNA and RNA
Both DNA and RNA contain a series of phosphate groups and pentoses that form the backbone of their structure.
Phosphate group
Pentose

2. Figure 3.25 Distinguishing Characteristics of DNA and RNA
In RNA, the bases are attached to the ribose. The bases are adenine (A) and guanine (G), the purines, and cytosine (C) and uracil (U), the pyrimidines.

3. Figure 3.25 Distinguishing Characteristics of DNA and RNA
In DNA, the bases are attached to deoxyribose. The bases are adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T) (thymine is found instead of uracil).

4. Figure 3.25 Distinguishing Characteristics of DNA and RNA
The numbering of ribose carbons is the basis for identification of the 5¢ and 3¢ ends of DNA and RNA stands. 5¢ 4¢ 3¢ 2¢ 1¢

5. RNA is single-stranded.
Figure Distinguishing Characteristics of DNA and RNA
RNA is single-stranded. 1¢ 2¢ 3¢ 4¢ 5¢
5¢ end
3¢ end

6. DNA is double-stranded.
Figure Distinguishing Characteristics of DNA and RNA
DNA is double-stranded.
5¢ end
3¢ end
3¢ end
5¢ end

7. Figure 3.25 Distinguishing Characteristics of DNA and RNA
Hydrogen bonds between purines and pyrimidines hold the two strands of DNA together.
5¢ end
3¢ end
3¢ end
5¢ end