1. MODELING CLIMATE AND VEGETATIONAL CHANGE SINCE THE LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM USING STABLE ISOTOPES AND DIGITAL ANALYSIS Pennilyn Higgins Florida Museum of Natural History Gainesville, FL loligo@earth.rochester.edu

2. Isotopes as environmental proxy C – Dietary proxy C3 vs C4 plants in herbivores C3  13 C lower than C4  13 C O – Climatic proxy  18 O increases with warmer temperatures  18 O decreases with high rainfall in warm weather

3. Outline An overabundance of data Geographical data Using the computer to sort it out Visualizing large data sets Making it look nice Real applications

4. Outline An overabundance of data Geographical data Using the computer to sort it out Visualizing large data sets Making it look nice Real applications

5. Data generation

6. One tooth; how many data points?

7. Database

8. Outline An overabundance of data Geographical data Using the computer to sort it out Visualizing large data sets Making it look nice Real applications

9. Plotting isotopic values against geographical information

10. Localities sampled

11. Stacked plots

12. Outline An overabundance of data Geographical data Using the computer to sort it out Visualizing large data sets Making it look nice Real applications

13. Database query

14. Plot and contour the data

15. Change your data and color scheme.

16. Look at a specific part of the fauna

17. …and compare with other species

18. Liven it up with color

19. …and get a closer look

20. Outline An overabundance of data Geographical data Using the computer to sort it out Visualizing large data sets Making it look nice Real applications

21. Exporting to other formats

22. Initial diagrams can be pretty ugly…

23. …but are easy enough to sharpen with other software

24. Plotting oxygen and carbon

25. Outline An overabundance of data Geographical data Using the computer to sort it out Visualizing large data sets Making it look nice A real applications

26. Full Glacial + Glacial Carbon

27. FG + G Bison and Camelops

28. FG + G Equus

29. Full Glacial + Glacial Carbon

30. Late Glacial Carbon

32. Outline An overabundance of data Geographical data Using the computer to sort it out Visualizing large data sets Making it look nice Real applications