1. Copyright © 2003 Bolton Institute Giving Presentation’s How to deliver an effective presentation or pitch is down to skills you can learn and forward planning Today's emphasis is on understanding these skills so your presentation with be joyous and interesting for your peers and me!

2. Copyright © 2003 Bolton Institute Presentation - Strategy understand your purpose and role: It is critical to be clear about your purpose in the communication. This involves knowing your: Audience the occasion the expectations of your audience. Knowing the audience will be a critical determinant in what information is presented and how it is presented

3. Copyright © 2003 Bolton Institute Presentation - Strategy tailor your message to that audience: understand their Needs Desires knowledge level attitude toward the topic There is no point rambling therefore be: concrete Specific Practical relevant

4. Copyright © 2003 Bolton Institute Presentation - Strategy clarify your objectives – is it to motivate?... inform?... Persuade?... teach? clarify what role you will be performing: coach? advocate? teach? watch dog, or messenger?

5. Copyright © 2003 Bolton Institute Presentation - Strategy develop a logically compelling case for your plan how will it help resolve a pressing problem reach a common goal as a team research your topic

6. Copyright © 2003 Bolton Institute Presentation - Structure Once you know what you want to say, you need to consolidate the materials into a meaningful message. You can't assume that the information will speak for itself. Your audience is capable of hearing your information in very different ways based on your organisation and presentation.

7. Copyright © 2003 Bolton Institute Presentation - Structure The audience needs to have these basic questions answered: Why should I pay attention to you when I can think about more interesting things? Now that I am listening, why should I care about this issue? I agree with the significance of the topic, but how are you justifying your ideas? So, now that I am convinced, what do you want from me?

8. Copyright © 2003 Bolton Institute Presentation - Structure The following lists some points to think about when organising your ideas: begin by outlining the content of your discussion organize the body of the presentation logically maintain credibility: discuss your findings good and bad include an overall summary and proposed actions or options always conclude on a "high note" incorporate visual aids effectively practice your presentation and prepare for contingencies - rehearse

9. Copyright © 2003 Bolton Institute Presentation - Style effective presenters recognise that communication is both intellectual and emotional. gain and maintain attention. the following lists some basic techniques to maintain attention: convey "controlled enthusiasm" for your subject posture, tone your audience will mirror your attitude don't confuse enthusiasm with loudness discuss pros and cons; explain advantages first present risks or challenges

10. Copyright © 2003 Bolton Institute Style – tips physical mannerisms: speakers who pace, pound the podium, jingle change in their pockets, or do other things can focus attention on themselves rather than the subject; sometimes this can be done for affect, but more often it is inadvertent and distracting. voice tone: Professional speakers generally emphasize the lower registers of their voices (both men and women) and avoid dramatic variations in the pitches of their voices. Occasionally this "rule" can be broken for affect. look smart but that might not mean a suit?!

11. Copyright © 2003 Bolton Institute Keeping your audience's interest provide variety and relief if possible; novelty and uniqueness will increase the impact alternative moving and standing still, speaking and listening, doing and thinking; use physical space and body movement to enhance your message use humour appropriately - make it in good taste presentations are movies not snapshots try to position yourself to enhance rapport with the audience eye contact is your primary tool for establishing audience involvement; look at your audience in random rotating order use gestures naturally; do what is natural to you although some gestures are wrong – note previous slide

12. Copyright © 2003 Bolton Institute Keeping your audience's interest Once you obtain attention, you must retain it. Attention spans drift You need to help the audience refocus periodically. The following are some examples: I will give the three basic reasons why change is needed Transitions such as now that we have analysed the problem, we need to look at the possible solutions. Conclusions: the discussion so far leads to this final thought... Straightforward Conclusion:...if you enact this program, three basic benefits will result...

13. Copyright © 2003 Bolton Institute Principles of Speaking Purpose:- Why are you speaking? What do you want audience members to know, think, believe? People : Who is your audience? Place: How can you plan and adapt to the logistics of this place. How can you use visual aids to help you achieve your purpose Preparation Where and how can you find good ideas and information for your speech? How much and what kind of supporting materials do you need. Planning: Is there a natural order to the ideas and information you will use? Personality: How do you become associated with your message in a positive way? What can you do to demonstrate your competence, charisma, and character to the audience? Performance: What form of delivery is best suited to the purpose of your speech. What delivery techniques will make your presentation more effective. How should you practice?

14. Copyright © 2003 Bolton Institute Visual Aids PURPOSE - both quality and number of visual aids should enhance, not distract from message – remember that visual impact is everything at the pitch APPEARANCE – never risk using anything less than perfect or fitting of the project type and intended outcomes SIZE – this is important! Do not include text that cannot be read from a distance, explain the content TECHNICALITIES – remove reference to software usage and maybe consider adding a copyright statement

15. Copyright © 2003 Bolton Institute Your Presentation your group has been given 35-45 minutes you should plan around this, aim to discuss your project and to involve all members some way this time also includes questioning even if not questions are asked Smart turn out – consider your position and expectations the direction should be to your peers, not me you all need to be present and on time or marks will be lost