1. Glucose regulation HBS3A

2. Blood glucose Sugar travels in the blood as g_________, and is stored in liver and muscle as g__________. Glucose is important because it is the fuel for cellular respiration. Cellular respiration: glucose + oxygen  carbon dioxide + water + ENERGY Glucose can be stored as Glycogen Glucose Glycogen Glucose Increased blood glucose levels Decreased blood glucose levels G________________ Glucose can also be made from f____ and a_________ a___________ in a process called g___________________. These three processes mainly occur in the l_______________.

3. Blood glucose Sugar travels in the blood as glucose, and is stored in liver and muscle as glycogen. Glucose is important because it is the fuel for cellular respiration. Cellular respiration: glucose + oxygen  carbon dioxide + water + ENERGY Glucose can be stored as Glycogen Glucose Glycogen Glucose Increased blood glucose levels Decreased blood glucose levels Glycogenesis Glycogenolysis Glucose can also be made from fats and amino acids in a process called gluconeogenesis. These three processes mainly occur in the liver.

4. Blood glucose regulation The level of blood glucose is monitored by the i_____________ of L___________________ in the p______________. The pancreas makes two hormones i___________ and g_______________. Insulin is produced in the ______ cells and is released when blood glucose levels are ______________. Glucagon is produced in the ____ cells and is released when blood glucose levels are ____________. Other hormones which effect sugar metabolism include

5. Blood glucose regulation The level of blood glucose is monitored by the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. The pancreas makes two hormones insulin and glucagon Insulin is produced in the beta (  ) cells and is released when blood glucose levels are high. Glucagon is produced in the alpha (  ) cells and is released when blood glucose levels are low. Other hormones which effect sugar metabolism include cortisol (controlled by ACTH) and adrenaline (controlled by the medulla oblongata and sympathetic nervous system)

6. Feedback control of glucose Stimulus Negative feedbackReceptor ResponseModulator Effector Increased glucose

7. Feedback control of glucose Stimulus Negative feedbackReceptor ResponseModulator Effector Increased glucose Islets of Langerhans in pancreas Islets of Langerhans in pancreas increase insulin secretion Liver and muscle cells Decreased glucose production Increased glucose storage Decreased glucose

8. Feedback control of glucose 2 Stimulus Negative feedbackReceptor ResponseModulator Effector Decreased glucose

9. Feedback control of glucose 2 Stimulus Negative feedbackReceptor ResponseModulator Effector Decreased glucose Islets of Langerhans in pancreas Islets of Langerhans in pancreas increase glucagon secretion Liver and muscle cells Increased glucose production Decreased glucose storage Increased glucose