2. IRCA 1986- Simpson-Mazzoli Act Employer sanctions $ for Border Patrol Amnesty

3. Hardening the Border http://regulus2.azstarnet.com/mediaskins/ma in.php?id=1356&choice=flv http://regulus2.azstarnet.com/mediaskins/ma in.php?id=1356&choice=flv

4. “Old Days”

5. Operation Gatekeeper

8. Source: David Dixon and Julia Gelatt, "Immigration and Enforcement Spending Since IRCA," Background paper prepared for the Independent Task Force on Immigration and America's Future, September 2005.

12. What are the consequences of increased enforcement?

17. Douglas, Arizona, and Agua Prieta, Mexico

18. 2003-04 Apprehensions

20. Sonoran Desert

23. Hauser Canyon, in California, about 15 miles north of the U.S.-Mexico Border Caution! Do not expose your life to the elements. There is no potable water. It's not worth it!potable

27. Berlin Wall: 239 deaths in crossing attempts, over 28 years U.S.-Mexico Border: 5,046 documented deaths

30. Waiting for Coyotes

36. Beyond The Border Buildup: Towards A New Approach To Mexico-US Migration by Douglas S. Massey for the Immigration Policy CenterDouglas S. Massey for the Immigration Policy Center

37. I-9 Employer Sanctions

40. Immigration Spreads Beyond Traditional Magnet States 19.7 m 35.1 m Source: William H. Frey

41. Fast Growing "New Immigrant" Destinations 1990-2005

42. States with at least 5% Immigrants Source: William H. Frey

43. Immigrant Concentrations in States 15% or more 10-14% 5-9% Less than 5% 1990 2005 Source: William H. Frey

44. At Least 5% Hispanic StatesCounties 199016538 200528907 Source: William H. Frey

47. "Border Security Now"

50. A Quick Review of the Theory or Science of Migration

55. Policy Implications?