1. Best Hills Lake Remediation Recommendations Jordanne Holst, Nathan Rosenau, and Monique Crumb

2. Introduction Massive Macrophyte Growth

3. Possible Issues Phosphorous maybe contributing significantly to the growth of macrophytes – External loading – Internal loading Depth of the system allows light to penetrate much of the water column, possibly stimulating macrophyte growth as well Macrophytes from Best Hills reservoir

4. Hypothesis We hypothesize that external phosphorous loading from developed land may be significantly contributing to macrophyte growth in Best Hills Lake

5. Hypothesis Different buffers may abate nutrient runoff more effectively than others Obtain information about internal phosphorous loading using chemical profiles

6. Methods To determine the profiles of the lake we used a YSI 85 oxygen meter.

7. Methods TP (total phosphorous) samples taken at the developed shore, pelagic area, and undeveloped shore, and also in front of different buffers T1T2T3T4 No BufferRockSand Rock+ Sand DAM S1 S2 S3

8. Phosphorous Results

9. Profile Results

10. Discussion Goals of recommendations –Clear water –Lower macrophyte growth –More aesthetically pleasing

11. Summary Profiles anoxic periods Resulting in increased amounts of readily available phosphorous Phosphorous concentrations – developed shoreline may not be abating nutrient runoff effectively – one may be more effective than the others

12. Recommendations Lake aeration may help to reduce internal phosphorous loading Buffer strips may help abate nutrient runoff

13. Aeration Hypolimentic oxygenation may stop anoxia and limit internal phosphorous loading $2000 will purchase a small aerator that covers 5 acre – http://www.dripworksusa.com/ev_store/ev_pond aer.php http://www.dripworksusa.com/ev_store/ev_pond aer.php – Quiet – Timer – Self installation is possible

14. Buffer Strips Buffer Strips or “Set Asides” –The US Department of Agriculture defines conservation buffers or “buffe strips” as small areas or strips of land in permanent vegetation, designed to intercept pollutants and manage other environmental concerns. –The most commonly referenced size for the buffer strip is 10m, or approximately 33 feet (Ryding et al. 1989). –Can remove up to 50% of TP (USDA &NRCS)

15. Buffer Strips (cont..) A narrow strip of shrubs (5-6 ft.) Decreased fertilizer application in back yards Several local landscapers, probably $2500-$3500

16. Riparian Buffer (cont…) Why is it important to use native plants? – Don’t require fertilizers – Don’t require pesticides – Require less water – Provide shelter and food for wildlife... http://www.epa.gov/glnpo/greenacres/native plants/factsht.html

17. Riparian Buffer (cont…) The City of Coeur d'Alene Water Department has teamed up with the NIC Workforce Training Center. City residential customers who live in their home and who take the "Landscaping with Native Plants" class at NIC this Spring (March 11 and March 18, 2010) can receive a utility bill credit for the cost of the class and the workbook. For More Information: http://northidaho.augusoft.net/index.cfm?method=ClassListi ng.ClassListingDisplay

18. Questions?