1. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION TO STUDY AND FOR YOUR STUDY GUIDE Circulatory System and Other Systems that work together

2. ATHEROSCLEROSIS  Fatty deposits called plaque  Builds up in walls of arteries  Obstructs flow

3. HYPERTENSION  High blood pressure  Hearts works harder than necessary  Increases risk of heart attack or stroke

4. HEART ATTACK  Atherosclerosis in coronary artery  Heart muscle begins to die  Symptoms Nausea Shortness of breath Severe chest pain IMMEDIATE MEDICAL ATTENTION NECESSARY

5. STROKE  Blood clot gets stuck in blood vessels leading to brain  Brain cells die due to lack of oxygen  Or blood vessel burst  Can lead to paralysis,  loss of ability to speak  death

6. Blood Types Four Types  A  B  AB  O Inherited from your parents

7. Blood Types

8. What happens when you mix blood types? If you mix one type with the wrong one, you get CLUMPING Type O is the universal donor Type AB is the universal acceptor

9. Rh Factor Rhesus factor (Rh), also inherited  Rh + (have antigen on RBC)  Rh - (NO antigen)

10. What Makes Our Blood Type?

11. Blood Type of Donor A B AB O Blood Type of Recipient A B AB O Unsuccessful transfusion Successful transfusion Blood Transfusions

12. Lymphatic System The lymphatic system is known as your body’s drainage system. The lymphatic system is  a network of vein-like vessels that returns the fluid to the blood stream The fluid is called lymph. Lymph consists of water, dissolved substances (glucose), and WBC.

13. Lymph is fluid that moves through the walls of the capillaries into surrounding tissues. It will again rejoin the cardiovascular system. The fluid of the lymphatic system travels through knobs of tissue called lymph nodes. When you are sick, your lymph nodes will enlarge because your body is fighting infection (traps bacteria, etc. by filtering lymph).

14. Immune System Pathogen – organisms that cause disease An infectious disease is a – disease caused by the presence of a living thing within the body Types of pathogens that cause illness:  Bacteria  Viruses  Fungi  Protists

15. Lines of Defense First line of defense: Barriers: skin, breathing passages, mouth and stomach Second line of defense: Inflammatory response: WBC, inflammation, fever Third line of defense: Immune response: T cells and B cells

16. Immune Response  T cells – identify pathogens and distinguish what type they are  Antigens – molecules the immune system recognizes as part of your body or as foreign

17. Immune Response B cells – produce proteins that destroy pathogens  The proteins are called antibodies

18. HIV Attacks the human immune system directly and destroys T cells