1. European Parliament 22 September 2005 Ramon Marimon1 Lessons to be learned from the 6 th FP Ramon Marimon Universitat Pompeu Fabra EPP-ED Hearing on 7th FP European Parliament September 22, 2005

2. European Parliament 22 September 2005 Ramon Marimon2 Today’s EPP-ED hearing: A welcome and timely initiative! What will happen with the EC initial budget (72726 €million) proposal? and the EP endorsement to double EC funding in R&D?

3. European Parliament 22 September 2005 Ramon Marimon3 FP6 shows the potentials of... 1.the European Community of Research and Innovation 2.the catalytic effect of EC funding on all EU public funding & ERA structuring 3.the appropriate (new) instruments to foster transnational collaborative research (recommendation 1)

4. European Parliament 22 September 2005 Ramon Marimon4 FP6 also shows the dangers of... 1.generating different perceptions & unfulfilled expectations 2.leaving some important actors out 3.having an inefficient implementation

5. European Parliament 22 September 2005 Ramon Marimon5 1. The contrast between the implementation… (The New instruments in the first calls of FP6)

6. European Parliament 22 September 2005 Ramon Marimon6 and the opinion of participants regarding the role of ‘old’ and ‘new’ instruments (from survey of Panel on “Efficiency…”)

7. European Parliament 22 September 2005 Ramon Marimon7 2. Not leaving important actors out! Emerging groups should be attracted rather than discouraged from participation. The best research groups and the most innovative firms should be attracted since they must play a leading role in structuring the ERA (recommendation 8) For FP7 a much more flexible approach to SME participation should be explored (recommendation 9) In it’s 100 th anniversary, Einstein’s type of work would had not been founded by FP6…

8. European Parliament 22 September 2005 Ramon Marimon8 The “linear model” Vannevar Bush’s Science, the Endless Frontier: A Report to the President on a Program for Postwar Scientific Research (requested by F.D. Roosvelt in 1944) Basic Research Applied Research Development Innovation Markets & Growth Laser & GPS

9. European Parliament 22 September 2005 Ramon Marimon9 3. Achieving efficiency: 3 general issues with 3 specific problems a) Critical mass and ‘The effect’

10. European Parliament 22 September 2005 Ramon Marimon10 From the first round of financed Networks of Excellence in Priority 7... CLIOHRES.net: 45 Universities and Research Centers in 31 countries EU –CONSENT: 51 Partners from 27 countries GARNET: 46 institutions from 15 countries CONNEX: 43 partner Institutions in 23 countries EQUALSOC: 14 institutes from 11 countries EURODITE: 28 Partners from 14 Member States

11. European Parliament 22 September 2005 Ramon Marimon11 From the “Marimon” report... “Critical mass” depends on the topic, the thematic area, the participants and the potential impact and added value. The concept of 'one size fits all' should not be applied across all thematic areas and Instruments. (recommendation 4) Networks of Excellence should be designed as an instrument to cover different forms of collaboration and different sizes of partnerships. (recommendation 5) A greater role must be played by Instruments such as STREPs and small consortium IPs (recommendation 7)

12. European Parliament 22 September 2005 Ramon Marimon12 b) Setting priorities & objectives and the “bottom-up” “top-down” “dicothomy”!

13. European Parliament 22 September 2005 Ramon Marimon13 Pasteur’s Quadrant (D. Stokes, 1997) Pure basic research (Bohr) Use-inspired basic research (Pasteur) Pure applied research (Edison) Consideration of use? No Yes Quest for fundamental understanding?

14. European Parliament 22 September 2005 Ramon Marimon14 The controversial “recommendation 3” The European Commission should specify the portfolio of Instruments available and the strategic objectives. Participants should define the specific research objective they will pursue and why this can best be met by the Instrument they have chosen. i.e., set clear strategic objectives, but let researchers decide how to achieve them!

15. European Parliament 22 September 2005 Ramon Marimon15 A simplistic view of FP7 “Bottom-up” ERC (European Research Council) “Top-down”JTI (Joint Technological Initiatives) “In-between”TCR (Transnational Collaborative Research)

16. European Parliament 22 September 2005 Ramon Marimon16 but... Extremes are unrealistic (therefore, dangereous) Separation of Science and Innovation may weaken them Recall “Use-inspired-basic research” How do we go from Specific Programmes to Work Programmes? and why? Different Sciences and Technologies are at different stages While some “societal needs” are clear the specific ways to achieve them are not yet...

17. European Parliament 22 September 2005 Ramon Marimon17 c) Simplicity and flexibility May require some building complexity

18. European Parliament 22 September 2005 Ramon Marimon18 To improve the efficiency and reduce the costs for participants, a well conceived two-step evaluation procedure should be introduced. (recommendation 11) Administrative procedures and financial rules should be significantly simplified and further improved to allow more efficiency and flexibility in implementing participation instruments. (recommendation 12) The main challenge: Reducing participation costs, while assigning funds efficiently (see also EC “Consultation on Simplification”)

19. European Parliament 22 September 2005 Ramon Marimon19 but... Rigorous evaluation is not a check list of predetermined criteria & without meaningful feedback Administrative simplification is not to pass the burden to the users (e.g., audits in NoE)

20. European Parliament 22 September 2005 Ramon Marimon20 Has FP7 learned the lessons? Most issues have been dealt with and its budget should be defended!! yet... Implemanetation is in the details The “simplistic” view may dominate Many practices and procedures are ‘rooted’ (e.g., unecessaryly detailed Work Programmes; some mechanistic evaluation procedures; complex contracts,... ) Its full potential in “people” and “capacities” should be exploited

21. European Parliament 22 September 2005 Ramon Marimon21 Thanks!