1. Arthropods & Echinoderms Mrs. Wetzel Biology

2. Review 6 Kingdoms …..Eukarya…Archaea…Protista….Fungi…..Plants….Animals

3. Review Prokaryotes?

4. Review Prokaryotes Eukarya Archaea

5. Review Protista- Three kinds?

6. Review Protista Plant- like Animal- like Fungus- like

7. Review Fungus Made of Chitin

8. Review Plants?

9. Review Plants Non Vascular = Mosses Vascular No Seed = Ferns Seed Plants Angiosperms= Flowering Plants Gymnosperms= Cone Plants

10. Animals Phylum Porifera Cnidarian Worms Molluska Arthropods Echinoderms Non Vertebrate Chordates Fish Amphibians Reptiles Birds Mammals

11. What is an Arthropod? Arthropods have a segmented body, a tough exoskeleton, and jointed appendages The Exoskeleton is made of chitin Appendages can be “feet” or antennae

12. Evolution of Arthropods The evolution of arthropods has led to more specialized appendages and fewer body segments

13. Evolution of Arthropods Modern arthropods include insects, spiders, centipedes, shrimp, and crayfish.

14. All arthropods are the descendents of a single common ancestor. Just as you and your biological cousins can trace your ancestry back to a common set of grandparents, all arthropods can trace their ancestry back to a common arthropod ancestor. Any species descended from that ancestor is an arthropod. And any species not descended from that ancestor is not an arthropod.

17. Feeding Arthropods have a varied type of nutrition. Their mouthparts vary depending on what they eat.

18. Respiration Tracheal tubes- air filled spiracles that extend the length of the body. Book lungs “pages” of respiratory tissue Book Gills

19. Circulation Arthropods have an open circulatory system. Fairly well developed heart/ hearts

20. Excretion Malpighian tubules- extract waste from the blood then add it to the solid waste moving through the gut

21. Response Very well developed nervous system Brain & Ganglia

22. Movement Muscles attached to the exoskeleton allow the animals to move

23. Reproduction Terrestrial = internal fertilization Aquatic= external fertilization

24. Growth Molting- When an arthropod becomes too large it sheds it’s exoskeleton and then manufactures a new one.

25. Classification Crustaceans Chelicerates Uniramians

26. Crustaceans Two pairs of branched antennae, Two or three body sections, Head/ Thorax Head/ Thorax/ Abdomen Mouthparts are called mandibles

27. Crustaceans Crabs, shrimp, lobsters, crayfish= aquatic Pillbugs= Terrestrial

28. Crustaceans Aquatic Crustaceans use swimmeret's to move

30. Chelicerates Chelicerates have mouthparts called chelicerae Four or five pairs of legs Two body sections Cephalothorax/ Abdomen

31. Chelicerates Spiders Ticks Mites Horseshoe crab Scorpions

32. Horseshoe crab Oldest living arthropods Remember a crab is not a crustacean! A horseshoe crab is a chelicerate

33. Spiders Largest group of arthropods DO not have Jaws for chewing- they liquefy their food then suck the fluid into their stomach

34. There are about 2,000 kinds of spiders in the United States. Of these, only a few species are considered to have bites that are of medical importance. Spiders are very shy creatures. Most people get bitten because they are cleaning an area that has not been cleaned for a long time and they disturb a spider's web or nest. Spiders are often blamed for many more bites than they actually commit. In general, most spider bites will not harm most people except for slight discomfort for a limited time after being bitten. A few individuals may be hypersensitive to the bites of a particular species, but this allergic reaction won't be known until after the person gets bitten. Although only a few spiders are toxic or cause allergic reactions, if one has been bitten, it can be important to save the spider for identification purposes. Unlike the majority of spiders, black widow and brown recluse spiders are of concern because their venom contains toxins, that can cause medical problems.

37. Mites & Ticks Small & Parasitic Lyme disease Rocky mountain Spotted fever

39. Scorpions Scorpions can chew their prey Pedipalps are enlarged into claws

40. Uniramians Uniramians have jaws, one pair of antennae, UNBRANCHED appendages

42. Uniramians Classification Chilopods Diplopods Insecta

43. Chilopods Centipedes Carnivores One pair of legs on each segment

44. Diplopods Millipedes Each segment has two legs Feed on dead and decaying plant material

45. Insects Body Divided into three parts Head/ Thorax/ Abdomen Three pairs of legs

46. Metamorphosis Insects go through metamorphosis- which is the changing of shape & form

47. Lots of them Insects make up approx. 45% of the worlds biomass 26- 30 orders New or recently evolved insects are being discovered all the time

48. Echinoderms An echinoderm is characterized by: spiny skin radial symmetry INTERNAL skeleton Water Vascular System Tube feet- suction cup

49. CLassification Crinoidea- Sea lilly Feather Star

50. Asteroidea Sea stars Star shaped Bottom Dwellers C l a s s H O L O T H U R O I D E A : s e a c u c u m b e r s [ F i g. 2 5. 1 2 - 2 5. 1 3 ] H O L O T H U R O I D E A b i l a t e r a l l y s y m m e t r i c - - s l u g - l i k e C l a s s H O L O T H U R O I D E A : s e a c u c u m b e r s [ F i g. 2 5. 1 2 - 2 5. 1 3 ] H O L O T H U R O I D E A b i l a t e r a l l y s y m m e t r i c - - s l u g - l i k e C l a s s H O L O T H U R O I D E A : s e a c u c u m b e r s [ F i g. 2 5. 1 2 - 2 5. 1 3 ] H O L O T H U R O I D E A b i l a t e r a l l y s y m m e t r i c - - s l u g - l i k e

51. At left is a gang attack on an Acodontaster sp. by the y seastar Odontaster validus with the nemertean proboscis worm Parborlasia corrugatus in the foreground.

53. Ophiuroidea Brittle star Basket Star Most are filter feeders or detritivores

54. Ophiuroidea

55. Echinoidea Sea urchin Sand Dollar Sea Biscuit No arms

57. Holothuroidea Sea cucumbers Small endoskeleton

58. Sea cucumber